Identification of a dietary pattern associated with greater cardiometabolic risk in adolescence

卷:25

Appannah, G. ; Pot, G. K. ; Huang, R. C. ; Oddy, W. H. ; Beilin, L. J. ; Mori, T. A. ; Jebb, S. A. ; Ambrosini, G. L.

关键词: Dietary patterns;    Energy density;    Fibre;    Fat;    Cardiometabolic risk factors;    Adolescents;    Raine study;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.numecd.2015.04.007

学科分类：食品科学和技术

【 摘 要 】

Background and aims: Energy dense, high fat, low fibre diets may contribute to obesity in young people, however their relationships with other cardiometabolic risk factors are unclear. We examined associations between an ` energy-dense, high-fat and low-fibre' dietary pattern (DP) and cardiometabolic risk factors, and the tracking of this DP in adolescence. Methods and results: Data was sourced from participants in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort Study. At 14 and 17 y, dietary intake, anthropometric and biochemical data were measured and z-scores for an 'energy dense, high fat and low fibre' DP were estimated using reduced rank regression (RRR). Associations between DP z-scores and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using regression models. Tracking of DP z-scores was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. A 1 SD unit increase in DP z-score between 14 and 17 y was associated with a 20% greater odds of high metabolic risk (95% CI: 1.01, 1.41) and a 0.04 mmol/L higher fasting glucose in boys (95% CI: 0.01, 0.08); a 28% greater odds of a high-waist circumference (95% CI: 1.00, 1.63) in girls. An increase of 3% and 4% was observed for insulin and HOMA (95% CI: 1%, 7%), respectively, in boys and girls, for every 1 SD increase in DP z-score and independently of BMI. The DP showed moderate tracking between 14 and 17 y of age (r = 0.51 for boys, r = 0.45 for girls). Conclusion: An 'energy dense, high fat, low fibre' DP is positively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and tends to persist throughout adolescence. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.