Maternal flaxseed oil intake during lactation changes body fat, inflammatory markers and glucose homeostasis in the adult progeny: role of gender dimorphism

卷:35

Guarda, Deysla Sabino ; de Moura, Egberto Gaspar ; Carvalho, Janaine Cavalcanti ; dos Reis, Adelina Martha ; Soares, Patricia Novaes ; Lisboa, Patricia Cristina ; Figueiredo, Mariana Sarto

Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro

关键词: Flaxseed oil;    Lactation;    Adipose tissue inflammation;    Metabolic programming;    Insulin resistance;    Rats;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.05.011

学科分类：食品科学和技术

【 摘 要 】

We evaluated maternal flaxseed oil intake during lactation on body composition, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis and adipose tissue inflammation in male and female progeny at adulthood. Lactating rats were divided into the following: control 7% soybean oil (C), hyper 19% soybean oil (HS) and hyper 17% flaxseed oil + 2% soybean oil (HF). Weaned pups received a standard diet. Offspring were killed in PN180. Male HF presented higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and triacylglycerol, and female HF showed insulin resistance. Both male and female HF had hyperleptinemia, and only male HF had hyperprolactinemia. In VAT, male HF presented lower PPAR-gamma expressions and higher TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta and IL-10,expressions; in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), they presented lower PPAR-gamma and TNF-alpha expressions. Female HF presented higher leptin, as well as lower adiponectin, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta expressions in VAT and lower TNF-alpha in SAT. Flaxseed oil during lactation leads to gender-specific effects with more adiposity and dyslipidemia in male and insulin resistance in female. Higher prolactin and inflammatory cytokines in male could play a role in these gender differences. We suggest that the use of flaxseed oil during lactation increases metabolic syndrome risk in the adult progeny. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.