Biofortified beta-carotene rice improves vitamin A intake and reduces the prevalence of inadequacy among women and young children in a simulated analysis in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines

卷:104

De Moura, Fabiana F. ; Moursi, Mourad ; Angel, Moira Donahue ; Angeles-Agdeppa, Imelda ; Atmarita, Atmarita ; Gironella, Glen M. ; Muslimatun, Siti ; Carriquiry, Alicia

Int Food Policy Res Inst

关键词: rice;    biofortification;    beta-carotene;    vitamin A;    simulation;    dietary intake;    Bangladesh;    Indonesia;    Philippines;    Asia;   

DOI  :  10.3945/ajcn.115.129270

学科分类：食品科学和技术

【 摘 要 】

Background: Vitamin A deficiency continues to be a major public health problem affecting developing countries where people eat mostly rice as a staple food. In Asia, rice provides up to 80% of the total daily energy intake. Objective: We used existing data sets from Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines, where dietary intakes have been quantified at the individual level to 1) determine the rice and vitamin A intake in nonpregnant, nonlactating women of reproductive age and in non-breastfed children 1-3 y old and 2) simulate the amount of change that could be achieved in the prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamin A if rice biofortified with beta-carotene were consumed instead of the rice consumed at present. Design: We considered a range of 4-20 parts per million (ppm) of beta-carotene content and 10-70% substitution levels for the biofortified rice. Software was used to estimate usual rice and vitamin A intake for the simulation analyses. Results: In an analysis by country, the substitution of biofortified rice for white rice in the optimistic scenario (20 ppm and 70% substitution) decreased the prevalence of vitamin A inadequacy from baseline 78% in women and 71% in children in Bangladesh In Indonesia and the Philippines, the prevalence of inadequacy fell by 55-60% in women and dropped by nearly 30% in children from baseline. Conclusions: The results of the simulation analysis were striking in that even low substitution levels and modest increases in the beta-carotene of rice produced a meaningful decrease in the prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamin A. Increasing the substitution levels had a greater impact than increasing the beta-carotene content by >12 ppm.