Proceedings | |
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) of Campylobacter for Roof-Harvested Rainwater Domestic Use | |
Hora, Jálvaro da1  | |
关键词: risk assessment; rainwater harvesting; drinking water; | |
DOI : 10.3390/ecws-2-04954 | |
学科分类:社会科学、人文和艺术(综合) | |
来源: mdpi | |
【 摘 要 】
The present study evaluated the microbiological risk for roof-harvested rainwater (RHRW), with Campylobacter as the pathogenic microorganism of reference, using a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA). QMRA has been widely used as an alternative method for epidemiological assessment of human exposure to microorganisms that can cause diseases, through a four-step process: hazard identification, exposure assessment, doseâresponse assessment, and risk characterization. The results presented drinking as the water use with the highest median value for microbiological risk, with 3.4 Ã 10â4 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per person per year (pppy), and bathing, food washing, hose irrigation and toilet flushing with median values of 6.5 Ã 10â7, 4.0 Ã 10â7, 2.1 Ã 10â7 and 1.4 Ã 10â7 DALYs pppy, respectively. Therefore, drinking would be the only water use that would require preliminary treatment for its safe use, considering the acceptable risk standards set by the World Health Organization for drinking water. However, with the adoption of a sanitary barrier and a simple point-of-use treatment system, it was observed that drinking rainwater would have a median microbiological risk of 2 Ã 10â6 DALYs pppy, enough to meet the safety criteria considering developing countries.
【 授权许可】
CC BY
【 预 览 】
Files | Size | Format | View |
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RO201902027679745ZK.pdf | 245KB | download |