Lysine-Specific Histone Demethylases Contribute to Cellular Differentiation and Carcinogenesis

Epigenomes

Verde, Gaetano¹ 

关键词: epigenetics;    histone demethylases;    cellular differentiation;    cancer;   

DOI  :  10.3390/epigenomes1010004

学科分类：分子生物学，细胞生物学和基因

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Histone modifications regulate chromatin structure, gene transcription, and other nuclear processes. Among the histone modifications, methylation has been considered to be a stable, irreversible process due to the slow turnover of methyl groups in chromatin. However, the discovery of three different classes of lysine-specific demethylases—KDM1, Jumonji domain-containing demethylases, and lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein—has drastically changed this view, suggesting a role for dynamic histone methylation in different biological process. In this review, we describe the different mechanisms that these enzymes use to remove lysine histone methylation and discuss their role during physiological (cell differentiation) and pathological (carcinogenesis) processes.

【 授权许可】

CC BY