The Role of Compensatory Adaptations and Individual Variability in Exercise Prescription

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology

Drenowatz, Clemens¹ 

关键词: energy balance;    weight loss;    intervention;    non-exercise physical activity;    energy intake;    behavioral compensation;    metabolic compensation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jfmk1020230

学科分类：力学，机械学

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for public health. Due to the decline in physical demands of daily living exercise becomes an increasingly important contributor to an active lifestyle. The evidence on health benefits of exercise, particularly regarding weight loss, however, remains equivocal. In addition to lack of adherence to an exercise program, participants display behavioral and physiological adaptations that potentially mitigate exercise-induced health benefits. Specifically, a reduction in non-exercise physical activity (PA) and/or an increase in energy intake along with metabolic adaptations have been suggested to affect exercise-induced health benefits. There is also a large inter-individual variability, which makes some participants more receptive to exercise-induced weight loss than others. Even in the absence of weight loss exercise, however, provides various health benefits such as an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness, beneficial changes in blood lipids and blood pressure. In fact, some of these benefits have been more pronounced in participants who did not experience weight loss. In order to enhance the understanding of the role of exercise in health promotion a better understanding of compensatory adaptations is needed along with an identification of characteristics that contribute to inter-individual variability in response to exercise interventions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY