Acute mammalian toxicity of four pesticidal plants

Dynamic Chiropractic

Emmanuel T. Nyahangare¹  Brighton M. Mvumi²  Humphrey Hamudikuw³  Thokozani Hove⁴  a⁵ 

[1] Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe.;Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe;Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.;Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box MP 167, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe;Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK.

关键词: Pesticidal plants;    mammalian toxicity;    BALB/c mice;    aqueous plant extracts;    Strychnos spinosa;    Bobgunnia madagascariensis;    Vernonia amygdalina;    Cissus quadrangularis.;   

DOI  :  10.5897/JMPR11.1767

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: MPA Media

【 摘 要 】

Many plant species show potential as alternatives to synthetic pesticides but little is known about their acute mammalian toxicity. The single-dose acute oral toxicities of crude aqueous extracts ofStrychnos spinosaandBobgunnia madagascariensisfruits and the foliage ofVernonia amygdalinaandCissus quadrangularis(plant species that are commonly used as pesticides in Southern Africa) were evaluated in BALB/c mice. Plant extracts (up to 75%w/vorv/v) were orally administered to sexually mature mice.Behavioural changes, clinical signs and mortality were monitored for 4 days. Mice that receivedS. spinosahad generalized tonic muscle spasms and a high mortality of 83%.Those that receivedB. madagascariensisexhibited signs of buccal and nasal irritation with occasional sneezes during administration and a high mortality of 75% was recorded.C. quadrangularisconsumption resulted in much lower mortality of 21% while no clinical signs of toxicity were evident on mice administeredV. amygdalina.Chemical analysis showed the presence of secoiridoids in the seedless pulp ofS. spinosa.These results indicate that aqueous extracts ofS. spinosaandB. madagascariensisfruits and foliage ofC. quadrangularismay have deleterious health implications on humans and animals; hence, advice on their safety should accompany promotion of their use.

【 授权许可】

Unknown