Ecosystem Interactions Underlie the Spread of Avian Influenza A Viruses with Pandemic Potential

PLoS Pathogens

Gavin J. D. Smith¹  Justin Bahl¹  Nichola J. Hill¹  Stacey Schultz-Cherry²  Michael D. Swartz²  Richard J. Webby²  Scott Krauss²  Robert G. Webster²  Rebecca A. Halpin³  Bernard C. Easterday⁴  Eric J. Ma⁴  Islam T. M. Hussein⁴  Ghazi Kayali⁵  David E. Wentworth⁵  Timothy B. Stockwell⁵  Truc T. Pham⁶  Jonathan A. Runstadler⁶ 

[1] Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America;Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America;Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America;Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America;J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America;Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

关键词: Animal migration;    Poultry;    Ecosystems;    Birds;    Asia;    Livestock;    Phylogeography;    Domestic animals;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1005620

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

Despite evidence for avian influenza A virus (AIV) transmission between wild and domestic ecosystems, the roles of bird migration and poultry trade in the spread of viruses remain enigmatic. In this study, we integrate ecosystem interactions into a phylogeographic model to assess the contribution of wild and domestic hosts to AIV distribution and persistence. Analysis of globally sampled AIV datasets shows frequent two-way transmission between wild and domestic ecosystems. In general, viral flow from domestic to wild bird populations was restricted to within a geographic region. In contrast, spillover from wild to domestic populations occurred both within and between regions. Wild birds mediated long-distance dispersal at intercontinental scales whereas viral spread among poultry populations was a major driver of regional spread. Viral spread between poultry flocks frequently originated from persistent lineages circulating in regions of intensive poultry production. Our analysis of long-term surveillance data demonstrates that meaningful insights can be inferred from integrating ecosystem into phylogeographic reconstructions that may be consequential for pandemic preparedness and livestock protection.

【 授权许可】

CC BY