Composition and biological activities of the aqueous extracts of three scleractinian corals from the Mexican Caribbean: Pseudodiploria strigosa , Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea

Journal of venomous animals and toxins

Alejandro Garcí²  n-Espinosa²  guez⁴  Cé⁴  Alejandra Rojas-Molina⁵  nchez-Rodrí⁵  sar Ibarra-Alvarado⁶  a-Arredondo⁸  Judith Sá⁸  Fernando Lazcano-Pé^1,11  Roberto Arreguí^1,12  rez^1,13 

[1]Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autó

[2]Departamento de Investigació

[3]Instituto de Quí

[4]gica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Quí

[5]mica y Farmacoló

[6]mica, Universidad Autó

[7]mica, Universidad Nacional Autó

[8]n Quí

[9]noma Metropolitana, Campus Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico

[10]noma de Mé

[11]noma de Queré

[12]taro, Mexico

[13]taro, Queré

[14]xico, Mexico City, Mexico

关键词: Scleractinia;    Pseudodiploria strigosa;    Porites astreoides;    Siderastrea siderea;    Toxicity;    Hemolysis;    Vasoconstriction;    Nociceptive response;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40409-016-0087-2

学科分类：药理学

来源: BioMed Central

【 摘 要 】

Scleractinian corals (stony corals) are the most abundant reef-forming cnidarians found in coral reefs throughout the world. Despite their abundance and ecological importance, information about the diversity of their toxins and their biological activities is very scarce. In this study, the chemical composition and the biological activities of the aqueous extracts of Pseudodiploria strigosa, Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea, three scleractinian corals from the Mexican Caribbean, have been assessed for the first time. Toxicity of the extracts was assessed in crickets; the presence of cytolysins was detected by the hemolysis assay; the vasoconstrictor activity was determined by the isolated rat aortic ring assay; the nociceptive activity was evaluated by the formalin test. The presence of phospholipases A2 (PLA2), serine proteases, and hyaluronidases was determined by enzymatic methods. Low-molecular-weight fractions were obtained by gel filtration chromatography and ultrafiltration. Extracts from the three species were toxic to crickets, induced hemolysis in human and rat erythrocytes, produced vasoconstriction on isolated rat aortic rings, and presented phospholipase A2 and serine-protease activity. Despite the fact that these corals are not considered to be harmless to humans, the extracts generated significant nociceptive responses. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analysis of the low-molecular-weight fractions revealed the presence of peptides within a mass range of 3000 to 6000 Da. These fractions were toxic to crickets and two of them induced a transitory vasoconstrictor effect on isolated rat aortic rings. This study suggests that scleractinian corals produce low-molecular-weight peptides that are lethal to crickets and induce vasoconstriction.

【 授权许可】

CC BY