A Compositional Look at the Human Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Immune Activation Parameters in HIV Infected Subjects

PLoS Pathogens

Lars Koenig¹  Patricia DeMarais²  John Losurdo³  Garth Swanson⁴  Charles Burns⁵  Ali Keshavarzian⁵  Ece A. Mutlu⁵  Christopher Forsyth⁵  Alan Landay⁵  Audrey French⁵  Yan Sun⁵  Basile Siewe⁶  Annika Gorenz⁷  Prachi Chakradeo⁷  Rawan Abbasi⁷  Phillip Engen⁸  Stephen Cox⁸ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry, The Graduate College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America;Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America;Department of Pharmacology, The Graduate College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America;Department of Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America;Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America;Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Research and Testing Laboratory, LLC., Lubbock, Texas, United States of America;Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center/Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

关键词: HIV;    Microbiome;    Antibiotics;    HIV infections;    Colon;    Bacteria;    Cytokines;    Bacterial pathogens;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1003829

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

HIV progression is characterized by immune activation and microbial translocation. One factor that may be contributing to HIV progression could be a dysbiotic microbiome. We therefore hypothesized that the GI mucosal microbiome is altered in HIV patients and this alteration correlates with immune activation in HIV. 121 specimens were collected from 21 HIV positive and 22 control human subjects during colonoscopy. The composition of the lower gastrointestinal tract mucosal and luminal bacterial microbiome was characterized using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing and was correlated to clinical parameters as well as immune activation and circulating bacterial products in HIV patients on ART. The composition of the HIV microbiome was significantly different than that of controls; it was less diverse in the right colon and terminal ileum, and was characterized by loss of bacterial taxa that are typically considered commensals. In HIV samples, there was a gain of some pathogenic bacterial taxa. This is the first report characterizing the terminal ileal and colonic mucosal microbiome in HIV patients with next generation sequencing. Limitations include use of HIV-infected subjects on HAART therapy.

【 授权许可】

CC BY