The Evolutionary Genetics and Emergence of Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Birds

PLoS Pathogens

Edward C. Holmes¹  Rubing Chen¹  Elodie Ghedin²  Jacqueline Nolting³  Richard D. Slemons³  Jeffery K. Taubenberger⁴  Jonathan A. Runstadler⁵  George M. Happ⁵  Ruixue Wang⁶  Vivien G. Dugan⁶  Dennis A. Senne⁷  David E. Swayne⁸  Naomi Sengamalay⁹  David J. Spiro⁹  Jennifer Zaborsky⁹ 

[1] Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America;Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America;Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America;Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America;Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America;Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America;National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, United States of America;Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia, United States of America;The J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

关键词: Bird genomics;    Influenza A virus;    Avian influenza;    Bird genetics;    Phylogenetic analysis;    Viral genomics;    Sequence analysis;    Influenza;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1000076

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

We surveyed the genetic diversity among avian influenza virus (AIV) in wild birds, comprising 167 complete viral genomes from 14 bird species sampled in four locations across the United States. These isolates represented 29 type A influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subtype combinations, with up to 26% of isolates showing evidence of mixed subtype infection. Through a phylogenetic analysis of the largest data set of AIV genomes compiled to date, we were able to document a remarkably high rate of genome reassortment, with no clear pattern of gene segment association and occasional inter-hemisphere gene segment migration and reassortment. From this, we propose that AIV in wild birds forms transient “genome constellations,” continually reshuffled by reassortment, in contrast to the spread of a limited number of stable genome constellations that characterizes the evolution of mammalian-adapted influenza A viruses.

【 授权许可】

CC BY