Molecular Epidemiology of A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 Influenza Virus during a Single Epidemic Season in the United States

PLoS Pathogens

Edward C. Holmes¹  Martha I. Nelson¹  Lone Simonsen²  Elodie Ghedin³  Mark A. Miller⁴  Cecile Viboud⁴  Laurel Edelman⁵  Jayati Bera⁶  Rebecca Halpin⁶  David J. Spiro⁶  Alex R. Boyne⁶ 

[1] Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America;Department of Global Health, School of Public Health and Health Services, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America;Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America;Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America;Surveillance Data Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, United States of America;The J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

关键词: Influenza viruses;    Influenza;    Influenza A virus;    Phylogenetics;    Phylogenetic analysis;    United States;    Adamantanes;    Viral vaccines;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1000133

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

To determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of influenza A virus during a single epidemic, we examined whole-genome sequences of 284 A/H1N1 and 69 A/H3N2 viruses collected across the continental United States during the 2006–2007 influenza season, representing the largest study of its kind undertaken to date. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that multiple clades of both A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 entered and co-circulated in the United States during this season, even in localities that are distant from major metropolitan areas, and with no clear pattern of spatial spread. In addition, co-circulating clades of the same subtype exchanged genome segments through reassortment, producing both a minor clade of A/H3N2 viruses that appears to have re-acquired sensitivity to the adamantane class of antiviral drugs, as well as a likely antigenically distinct A/H1N1 clade that became globally dominant following this season. Overall, the co-circulation of multiple viral clades during the 2006–2007 epidemic season revealed patterns of spatial spread that are far more complex than observed previously, and suggests a major role for both migration and reassortment in shaping the epidemiological dynamics of human influenza A virus.

【 授权许可】

CC BY