Two classes of protective antibodies against Pseudorabies virus variant glycoprotein B: Implications for vaccine design

PLoS Pathogens

Jianxun Qi¹  Yi Shi¹  Guangwen Lu¹  Liying Hao¹  Min Wang¹  Yan Chai¹  Shuguang Tan¹  Juan Wang²  Fanli Yang²  Chenyu Bai²  Xiangdong Li²  Junhua Deng²  Hao Song²  Xule Hu²  Feifei Tan²  Kegong Tian³  Ruchao Peng³  George F. Gao⁴ 

[1] CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, High-Tech District, Luoyang, Henan, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;West China Hospital Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

关键词: Antibodies;    Complement system;    Crystal structure;    Enzyme-linked immunoassays;    Flow cytometry;    Membrane fusion;    Respiratory infections;    Swine;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1006777

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) belongs to the Herpesviridae family, and is an important veterinary pathogen. Highly pathogenic PRV variants have caused severe epidemics in China since 2011, causing huge economic losses. To tackle the epidemics, we identified a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against PRV glycoprotein B (gB) that effectively block PRV infection. Among these 15 mAbs, fourteen of them block PRV entry in a complement-dependent manner. The remaining one, 1H1 mAb, however can directly neutralize the virus independent of complement and displays broad-spectrum neutralizing activities. We further determined the crystal structure of PRV gB and mapped the epitopes of these antibodies on the structure. Interestingly, all the complement-dependent neutralizing antibodies bind gB at the crown region (domain IV). In contrast, the epitope of 1H1 mAb is located at the bottom of domain I, which includes the fusion loops, indicating 1H1 mAb might neutralize the virus by interfering with the membrane fusion process. Our studies demonstrate that gB contains multiple B-cell epitopes in its crown and base regions and that antibodies targeting different epitopes block virus infection through different mechanisms. These findings would provide important clues for antiviral drug design and vaccine development.

【 授权许可】

CC BY