Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics: impact on the gut immune system and allergic reactions

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

关键词: allergy;    food supplements;    immune cells;    intestine;    microbiota;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.1109753

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Probioticsandprebiotics,aloneortogether(synbiotics),caninfluencetheintestinalmicrobiotaandmodulatetheimmuneresponse.Theymaythereforebetoolsthatcanpreventoralleviatecertainpathologiesinvolvingthegutimmunesystem,suchasallergiesforwhichnotreatmentisyetavailable.Thisreviewfocusesfirstonthedefinitionsofprobiotics,prebiotics,andsynbioticsandkeycellsinthegutimmunesystem.Itthendiscussestheireffectsonmucosalimmunestimulation.Experimentalfindingssuggestthatdifferentprobioticspecieshavesimilareffectsoninnateimmunitybyimprovingthemechanismsofpathogendestruction.Onthecontrary,theirimpactsseemtobevariableontheadaptiveimmunesystem.Prebioticscanalsoexertaninfluenceonthegutimmunesystemviathestimulationoftheautochthonousbacteriametabolism.Finally,thisreviewfocusesontheeffectsoffoodsupplementsonallergy.Differentstudiesperformedinhumansorrodentshavesupportedapotentialroleforselectedprobioticsandprebioticsinreducingsomeallergicparameters.Probioticeffectsonallergytreatmentareunclear,especiallyinhumanstudies.However,theyarepotentiallyeffectiveatshort‐termforpreventionwhentheyareadministeredinperinatalconditions.Aclinicalstudyperformedwithaninfantcohortrevealedabeneficialeffectofprebioticsinpreventingallergicmanifestationsatlong‐term.Furtherstudiesarenonethelessessentialtoconfirmthesefindings.Foodsupplementsofferpotentialtoolsforthepreventionortreatmentofallergy,butinsufficientevidenceisavailableatpresenttorecommendtheiruseinclinicalpractice...

【 授权许可】

CC BY