Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society | |
Plasmin as a proinflammatory cell activator | |
关键词: inflammation; serine protease; cell activation; signaling; antigen‐; presenting cells; endothelial cells; platelets; | |
DOI : 10.1189/jlb.0212056 | |
学科分类:生理学 | |
来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology | |
【 摘 要 】
Theserineproteaseplasmingeneratedfromitszymogenplasminogenisbestknownforitsfunctionasakeyenzymeofthefibrinolyticcascade.However,beyondfibrinolysis,plasminhasanumberofcrucialfunctionsinavarietyofprocesses,includinginflammation.Variouscellscanbindplasminogenandplasminviaplasminogen‐bindingsitesexposingaC‐terminallysine.Plasmin,generatedasaresultofplasminogenactivationatthecellsurface,isprotectedfromitsphysiologicalinhibitors.Apartfromitsabilitytofacilitatecellmigrationintissues,plasminiscapableoftriggeringsignaling,whichdependsoncellularbindingviaitslysine‐bindingsitesanditsproteolyticactivity.Plasmin‐inducedsignalingaffectsvariousfunctionsofmonocytes,macrophages,DCs,andothers,withthelistofaffectedcellsstillgrowing.Invitroandinvivostudieshavedemonstratedtheabilityofplasmintostimulatetheproductionofcytokines,ROS,andothermediators,therebycontributingtoinflammation.Plasmin‐inducedchemotaxisofmonocytesandDCsindicatesthatitisalsoapotentchemoattractantforimmunecells.Therefore,excessiveactivationofplasmininchronicinflammatoryorautoimmunediseasesmightexacerbatetheactivationofinflammatorycellsandthepathogenesisofthedisease.Thisreviewfocusesontheavailableevidenceforphysiologicalandpathophysiologicalrolestheserineproteaseplasminininflammatoryprocesses...
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