Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Cancer

Frontiers in Medicine

Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi¹ 

关键词: Helicobacter pylori;    gastric cancer;    research directions;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmed.2016.00036

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Existence of any infectious agents in stomach was a big query among the microbiologists and gastroenterologists (1–3). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a leading cause of severe digestive disease, including gastric cancer (4, 5). Although over the last years, incidence of gastric carcinoma is decreasing worldwide, it remains the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of malignancy-related death worldwide (6, 7). During the years after H. pylori discovery, especially following many meta-analyses and certain number of experimental evidences, it became a crucial question whether there is a link between gastric cancer and H. pylori infection (8). A contributory role for H. pylori in gastric cancer was first announced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), when they labeled H. pylori a class I carcinogen (9). Moreover, since the prevalence of H. pylori and pattern of superficial gastritis can change quickly within a specific population, the incidence of gastric cancer can also shift rapidly (10). It has been generally accepted that the risk of cancer is highest among patients in whom the primary colonization causes acute and then chronic inflammation (11). To our knowledge, certain H. pylori strains seem to differently increase the risk of cancer, depending on the existence of certain bacterial genotypes (for example: cagA) (12, 13). Bacterial-secreted CagA, inducing high levels of chronic inflammation, is the main factor increasing mutagenesis rate, oxidative-stress, and increased mismatch repair pathways, resulting in gastric carcinogenesis (14, 15). Hence, both prevalence and incidence rates are different in various geographical areas (16, 17). Taking together, in this paper, we aim to point out all important topics concerning management of H. pylori strains associated with gastric cancer.

【 授权许可】

CC BY