| ETRI Journal | |
| Novel Low-Power High-dB Range CMOS Pseudo-Exponential Cells | |
| 关键词: low-voltage; pseudo-exponential circuits; VGA; | |
| Others : 1185325 DOI : 10.4218/etrij.06.0106.0121 |
|
PDF
|
|
【 摘 要 】
In this paper, novel CMOS pseudo-exponential circuits operating in a class-AB mode are presented. The pseudo-exponential approximation employed is based on second order equations. Such terms are derived in a straightforward way from the inherent nonlinear currents of class-AB transconductors. The cells are appropriate to be integrated in portable equipment due to their compactness and very low power consumption. Measurement results from a fabricated prototype in a 0.5 µm technology reveal a range of 45 dB with errors lower than ±0.5 dB, a power consumption of 100 µW, and an area of 0.01 mm2.
【 授权许可】
【 预 览 】
| Files | Size | Format | View |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20150520110343194.pdf | 485KB |
【 参考文献 】
- [1]R. Harjani, "A Low-Power CMOS VGA for 50 Mb/s Disk Drive Read Channels," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems Part II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 42, no. 6, June 1997, pp. 370-376.
- [2]A. Motamed, C. Hwang, and M. Ismail, "A Low-Voltage, Low-Power Wide-Range CMOS Variable Gain Amplifier," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems-Part II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 45, no. 7, July 1998, pp. 800-811.
- [3]K.M. Abdelfattah and A.M. Soliman, "Variable Gain Amplifiers Based on a New Approximation Method to Realize the Exponential Function," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems-Part I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 49, no. 9, Sep. 2002, pp. 1348-1354.
- [4]J.H. Huijsing and J.A.V. Steenwijk, "A Monolithic Analog Exponential Converter," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. SC-15, no. 2, Apr. 1980, pp. 162-168.
- [5]W.A. Serdijn, A.C. van der Woerd, J. Davidse, and A.H. M. van Roermund, "A Low-Voltage Low-Power Fully Integratable Automatic Gain Control for Hearing Instruments," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 29, no. 8, Aug. 1994, pp. 943-946.
- [6]T. Pan and A.A. Abidi, "A 50-dB Variable Gain Amplifier Using Parasitic Bipolar Transistor in CMOS," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 24, no. 4, Aug. 1989, pp. 951-961.
- [7]C.H. Kao, C.C. Tseng, and C.S. Hsieh, "Low-Voltage Exponential Function Converter," IEE Proc. Circuits, Devices and Systems, vol. 152, no. 5, Oct. 2005, pp. 485-487.
- [8]C. Chang and S. Liu, "Current-Mode Pseudo-Exponential Circuit with Tunable Input Range," Electronics Lett., vol. 36, no. 16, Aug. 2000, pp. 1335-1336.
- [9]C. Chang and S. Liu, "Pseudo-Exponential Function for MOSFETs in Saturation," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems-Part II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 47, no. 11, Nov. 2000, pp. 1318-1321.
- [10]H. Liu, C. Chang, and S. Liu, "Realisation of Exponential V-I Converter Using Composite NMOS Transistors," Electro. Lett., vol. 36, no. 1, Jan. 2000, pp. 8-10.
- [11]S. Vlassis, "CMOS Current-Mode Pseudo-Exponential Function Circuit," Electron. Lett., vol. 37, no. 8, Apr. 2001, pp. 471-472.
- [12]Q. Duong, T. Nguyen, and S. Lee, "Ultra Low-Voltage and Low-Power dB-Linear V-I Converter Amplifier," IEEE Conf. on Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits, Dec. 16-18, 2003.
- [13]Q. Duong and S. Lee, "A Low-Voltage Low-Power High dB-Linear and All CMOS Exponential V-I Conversion Circuit," IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Symp., June 12-14, 2005, pp. 683-686.
- [14]A. Motamed, C. Hwang, and M. Ismail, "CMOS Exponential Current-to-Voltage Converter," Electron. Lett., vol. 33, no. 12, June 1997, pp. 998-1000.
- [15]W. Liu and S. Liu, "CMOS Exponential Function Generator," Electron. Lett., vol. 39, no. 1, Jan. 2003, pp. 1-2.
- [16]Q. Duong, T.K. Nguyen, and S. Lee, "CMOS Exponential Current-to-Voltage Circuit Based on Newly Proposed Approximation Method," IEEE Int’l Symp. Circuits and Systems Proc., Vancouver, Canada, vol. 2, May 23-26, 2004, pp. 865-968.
- [17]Q. Duong, V. Krizhanovskii, H. Choi, S. Yun, M. Yang, and S. Lee, "Low-Voltage, High dB-Linear, Exponential V-V Converter," Electron. Lett., vol. 40, no. 17, Aug. 2004, pp. 1032-1034.
- [18]B. Maundy and S. Gift, "Novel Pseudo-Exponential Circuits," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems-Part II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 52, no. 10, Oct. 2005, pp. 675-679.
- [19]C.A. De La Cruz-Blas, A.J. Lopez-Martin, and J. Ramirez-Angulo, "Compact Power-Efficient Class-AB CMOS Exponential Voltage-to-Voltage Converter," Electron. Lett., vol. 42, no. 3, Feb. 2006, pp. 127-128.
- [20]C.A. De La Cruz-Blas and A.J. Lopez-Martin, "Compact Power-Efficient CMOS Exponential Voltage-to-Voltage Converter," IEEE Int’l Symp. Circuits and Systems Proc., Kos, Athens, May 31-June 3, 2006, pp. 1539-1542.
- [21]W. Rudin, Principles of Mathematical Analysis, McGraw-Hill, 1976.
- [22]E. Seevinck and R.J.Wiegerink, "Generalized Translinear Circuit Principle," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 26, no. 8, Aug. 1991, pp. 1098-1102.
- [23]C. Toumazou, F.J. Lidgey, and D.G. Haigh, Analog IC Design: The Current-Mode Approach, IEE Circuits and Systems Series 2, 1990.
- [24]S.R. Zarabadi, M. Ismail, and C.-C. Hung, "High Performance Analog VLSI Computational Circuits," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 33, no. 4, Apr. 1998, pp. 644-649.
- [25]A.J. Lopez-Martin, S. Baswa, J. Ramirez-Angulo, and R. G. Carvajal, "Low-Voltage Super-Class AB CMOS OTA Cells with Very High Slew Rate and Power Efficiency," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 5, May 2005, pp. 1068-1077.
- [26]R.G. Carvajal, J. Ramirez-Angulo, A. Lopez-Martin, A. Torralba, J.A. Gomez Galan, A. Carlosena, and F.M. Chavero, "The Flipped Voltage Follower: A Useful Cell for Low-Voltage Low-Power Circuits Design," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems I, vol. 52, no. 7,
- [27]A. Nedungadi and T.R. Viswanathan, "Design of Linear CMOS Transconductance Elements," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems, vol. CAS-31, no. 10, Oct. 1984, pp. 891-894.
- [28]M.J.M. Pelgrom, A.C.J. Duinmaijer, and A.P.G. Welbers, "Matching Properties of MOS Transistors," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 24, no. 5, Oct. 1989, pp. 1433-1440.
- [29]S.J. Lovett, M. Welten, A. Mathewson, and B. Mason, "Optimizing MOS Transistors Mistmatch," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 33, no. 1, Jan. 1998, pp. 147-150.
PDF