Integrated mapping of lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis: lessons learnt from Ethiopia

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Gail Davey¹  Maria P Rebollo³  Moses J Bockarie³  Alex Pavluck⁸  Kadu Meribo⁵  Jorge Cano⁹  Rachel L Pullan⁹  Simon J Brooker⁹  Richard Reithinger⁶  Abraham Aseffa⁴  Oumer Shafi⁵  Asrat Hailu²  Amha Kebede⁷  Abeba Gebretsadik⁷  Fikre Enquselassie²  Melanie J Newport¹  Ashenafi Assefa⁷  Kebede Deribe²  Heven Sime⁷ 

[1] Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom;School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Center for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK;Armauer Hansen Research Institute/ALERT, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;RTI International, Washington, D. C, USA;Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Neglected Tropical Diseases Support Center (formerly Lymphatic Filariasis Support Center), The Task Force for Global Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

关键词: Ethiopia;    Podoconiosis;    Lymphatic filariasis;    Elephantiasis;    Lymphedema;    Mapping;    Integrated;   

Others  :  1150805
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-397

 received in 2014-06-26, accepted in 2014-08-20,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The World Health Organization (WHO), international donors and partners have emphasized the importance of integrated control of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Integrated mapping of NTDs is a first step for integrated planning of programmes, proper resource allocation and monitoring progress of control. Integrated mapping has several advantages over disease specific mapping by reducing costs and enabling co-endemic areas to be more precisely identified. We designed and conducted integrated mapping of lymphatic filariasis (LF) and podoconiosis in Ethiopia; here we present the methods, challenges and lessons learnt.

Methods

Integrated mapping of 1315 communities across Ethiopia was accomplished within three months. Within these communities, 129,959 individuals provided blood samples that were tested for circulating Wuchereria bancrofti antigen using immunochromatographic card tests (ICT). Wb123 antibody tests were used to further establish exposure to LF in areas where at least one ICT positive individual was detected. A clinical algorithm was used to reliably diagnose podoconiosis by excluding other potential causes of lymphoedema of the lower limb.

Results

A total of 8110 individuals with leg swelling were interviewed and underwent physical examination. Smartphones linked to a central database were used to collect data, which facilitated real-time data entry and reduced costs compared to traditional paper-based data collection approach; their inbuilt Geographic Positioning System (GPS) function enabled simultaneous capture of geographical coordinates. The integrated approach led to efficient use of resources and rapid mapping of an enormous geographical area and was well received by survey staff and collaborators. Mobile based technology can be used for such large scale studies in resource constrained settings such as Ethiopia, with minimal challenges.

Conclusions

This was the first integrated mapping of podoconiosis and LF globally. Integrated mapping of podoconiosis and LF is feasible and, if properly planned, can be quickly achieved at nationwide scale.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Sime et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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