Resveratrol enhances prostate cancer cell response to ionizing radiation. Modulation of the AMPK, Akt and mTOR pathways

Radiation Oncology

Theodoros Tsakiridis³  James Wright³  Himu Lukka³  Ian Dayes³  Robert G Bristow¹  Gurmit Singh²  Evangelia Tsiani⁵  Toran Sanli²  Caiqiong Liu⁴  Ayesha Rashid³ 

[1] Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada;Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada;Department of Oncology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada;Translational Radiation Biology Laboratory, Juravinski Cancer Centre, 699 Concession Street, Hamilton, Ontario, L84 5C2, Canada;Department of Community Health Science, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada

关键词: p21^cip1;    p53;    ATM;    cell cycle;    clonogenic survival;    radio-sensitizers;   

Others  :  1223871
DOI  :  10.1186/1748-717X-6-144

 received in 2011-08-04, accepted in 2011-10-26,  发布年份 2011

【 摘 要 】

Background

Prostate cancer (PrCa) displays resistance to radiotherapy (RT) and requires radiotherapy dose escalation which is associated with greater toxicity. This highlights a need to develop radiation sensitizers to improve the efficacy of RT in PrCa. Ionizing radiation (IR) stimulates pathways of IR-resistance and survival mediated by the protein kinase Akt but it also activates the metabolic energy sensor and tumor suppressor AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). Here, we examined the effects of the polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) on the IR-induced inhibition of cell survival, modulation of cell cycle and molecular responses in PrCa cells.

Methods

Androgen-insensitive (PC3), sensitive (22RV1) PrCa and PNT1A normal prostate epithelial cells were treated with RSV alone (2.5-10 μM) or in combination with IR (2-8 Gy). Clonogenic assays, cell cycle analysis, microscopy and immunoblotting were performed to assess survival, cell cycle progression and molecular responses.

Results

RSV (2.5-5 μM) inhibited clonogenic survival of PC3 and 22RV1 cells but not of normal prostate PNT1A cells. RSV specifically sensitized PrCa cells to IR, induced cell cycle arrest at G1-S phase and enhanced IR-induced nuclear aberrations and apoptosis. RSV enhanced IR-induced expression of DNA damage (γH2Ax) and apoptosis (cleaved-caspase 3) markers as well as of the cell cycle regulators p53, p21^cip1 and p27^kip1. RSV enhanced IR-activation of ATM and AMPK but inhibited basal and IR-induced phosphorylation of Akt.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that RSV arrests cell cycle, promotes apoptosis and sensitizes PrCa cells to IR likely through a desirable dual action to activate the ATM-AMPK-p53-p21^cip1/p27^kip1 and inhibit the Akt signalling pathways.

【 授权许可】

   
2011 Rashid et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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