Population genetics of Leishmania (Leishmania) major DNA isolated from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Pakistan based on multilocus microsatellite typing

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Ken Katakura⁸  Yoshihisa Hashiguchi⁷  Hiroshi Uezato³  Gabriele Schönian⁴  Hirotomo Kato⁸  Ryo Nakao⁶  Javed Hussain Baloch¹  Farooq Rahman Soomro¹  Abdul Manan Bhutto⁵  Mohammad Zahangir Alam² 

[1] Leprosy Centre, Larkana, Pakistan;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;Division of Dermatology, Department of Organ-oriented Medicine, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan;Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany;Department of Dermatology, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan;Unit of Risk Analysis and Management, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan;Centro de Biomedicina, Universidad Central del Ecuador and Prometeo Project, SENESCYT, Quito, Ecuador;Department of Disease Control, Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan

关键词: Pakistan;    Population genetics;    Microsatellite typing;    Leishmania (Leishmania) major;   

Others  :  1183550
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-332

 received in 2014-05-04, accepted in 2014-07-04,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major and fast increasing public health problem, both among the local Pakistani populations and the Afghan refugees in camps. Leishmania (Leishmania) major is one of the etiological agents responsible for CL in Pakistan. Genetic variability and population structure have been investigated for 66 DNA samples of L. (L.) major isolated from skin biopsy of CL patients.

Methods

Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT), employing 10 independent genetic markers specific to L. (L.) major, was used to investigate the genetic polymorphisms and population structures of Pakistani L. (L.) major DNA isolated from CL human cases. Their microsatellite profiles were compared to those of 130 previously typed strains of L. (L.) major from various geographical localities.

Results

All the markers were polymorphic and fifty-one MLMT profiles were recognized among the 66 L. (L.) major DNA samples. The data displayed significant microsatellite polymorphisms with rare allelic heterozygosities. A Bayesian model-based approach and phylogenetic analysis inferred two L. (L.) major populations in Pakistan. Thirty-four samples belonged to one population and the remaining 32 L. (L.) major samples grouped together into another population. The two Pakistani L. (L.) major populations formed separate clusters, which differ genetically from the populations of L. (L.) major from Central Asia, Iran, Middle East and Africa.

Conclusions

The considerable genetic variability of L. (L.) major might be related to the existence of different species of sand fly and/or rodent reservoir host in Sindh province, Pakistan. A comprehensive study of the epidemiology of CL including the situation or spreading of reservoirs and sand fly vectors in these foci is, therefore, warranted.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Alam et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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