New zoonotic cases of Onchocerca dewittei japonica (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) in Honshu, Japan

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Hiroyuki Takaoka³  Mohd Sofian Azirun³  Rosli Ramli³  Kuninori Shiwaku¹  Hideo Hasegawa^1,10  Haruhiko Maruyama⁴  Eishin Morita⁵  Kenji Kusatake⁵  Susumu Murata⁵  Hiroshi Takahashi⁸  Kenichi Yokobayashi⁸  Nobuo Hiramatsu⁹  Yasushi Otsuka⁶  Masako Fukuda²  Shigehiko Uni⁷ 

[1] Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane 693-8501, Japan;Research Promotion Institute, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan;Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia;Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan;Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane 693-8501, Japan;Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan;Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan;Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;Hiramatsu Orthopedic Clinic, Hiroshima 730-0016, Japan;Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan

关键词: Zoonosis;    Vector-borne disease;    Onchocerca dewittei japonica;    Japanese wild boar;    Global warming;    Filarioid;   

Others  :  1147319
DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-015-0655-2

 received in 2014-10-10, accepted in 2015-01-12,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Zoonotic infections with Onchocerca species are uncommon, and to date only 25 clinical cases have been reported worldwide. In Japan, five previous zoonotic infections were concentrated in Oita, Kyushu (the southern island), with one previous case in Hiroshima in the western part of Honshu (the main island). The causative agent in Japan was identified as Onchocerca dewittei japonica Uni, Bain & Takaoka, 2001 from Japanese wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax Temminck, 1842). Here we report two infections caused by a female and male O. dewittei japonica, respectively, among residents of Hiroshima and Shimane Prefectures in the western part of Honshu.

Methods

In both cases, nodules were surgically removed. The parasites in nodules were identified on the basis of their histopathological characteristics. Identification was confirmed by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene from worms in the tissues used in the histological preparations.

Results

Case 1 was a 61-year-old woman from Hiroshima Prefecture who complained of a painful subcutaneous nodule on the back of her right hand. The causative agent was identified as a female O. dewittei japonica owing to transverse ridges on the cuticle and molecular analysis. Case 2 was a 78-year-old woman from Shimane Prefecture who had a painful nodule in the left temporal region. Histopathological characteristics and cox1 sequencing of the worm indicated that the causative agent was a male O. dewittei japonica.

Conclusions

For Cases 1 and 2, we diagnosed the causative agents as a female and male O. dewittei japonica, respectively. These findings indicate the spread of a zoonosis caused by O. dewittei japonica in the western part of Honshu, where wild boars have recently extended their habitats because of decreased annual snowfall, unused rice fields and a decline in the number of hunters in Japan. The O. dewittei japonica infection rate among wild boars was reported as 78% in Shimane Prefecture, in the western part of Honshu. Therefore, in the near future, zoonotic onchocercosis is likely to occur in Honshu as well as Kyushu, where wild boars, blackfly vectors and humans share the same habitat.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Uni et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

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