Secondary dispersal driven by overland flow in drylands: Review and mechanistic model development

Movement Ecology

Gabriel G Katul¹  Tal Svoray²  Ana Trahktenbrot⁴  Li Chen³  Shmuel Assouline⁶  Sally E Thompson⁵ 

[1] Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA;Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel;Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Center, Las Vegas, Nevada 89119, USA;Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UC Berkeley, 661 Davis Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, A R O – Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel

关键词: Modeling;    Lagrangian;    Eulerian;    Semi-arid;    Overland flow;    Seed dispersal;   

Others  :  804301
DOI  :  10.1186/2051-3933-2-7

 received in 2013-12-06, accepted in 2014-03-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Seed dispersal alters gene flow, reproduction, migration and ultimately spatial organization of dryland ecosystems. Because many seeds in drylands lack adaptations for long-distance dispersal, seed transport by secondary processes such as tumbling in the wind or mobilization in overland flow plays a dominant role in determining where seeds ultimately germinate. Here, recent developments in modeling runoff generation in spatially complex dryland ecosystems are reviewed with the aim of proposing improvements to mechanistic modeling of seed dispersal processes. The objective is to develop a physically-based yet operational framework for determining seed dispersal due to surface runoff, a process that has gained recent experimental attention. A Buoyant OBject Coupled Eulerian – Lagrangian Closure model (BOB-CELC) is proposed to represent seed movement in shallow surface flows. The BOB-CELC is then employed to investigate the sensitivity of seed transport to landscape and storm properties and to the spatial configuration of vegetation patches interspersed within bare earth. The potential to simplify seed transport outcomes by considering the limiting behavior of multiple runoff events is briefly considered, as is the potential for developing highly mechanistic, spatially explicit models that link seed transport, vegetation structure and water movement across multiple generations of dryland plants.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Thompson et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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