Ovulation but not milt production is inhibited in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to a reproductively inhibitory pulp mill effluent

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Vance L Trudeau²  John T Arnason²  Pierre H Martel¹  Wudu E Lado²  Andrew Waye² 

[1] FPInnovations, 570 Saint-Jean Blvd, Pointe-Claire, QC H9R 3J9, Canada;Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada

关键词: Milt;    Ovulation;    5-day fathead minnow spawning assay;    Reproductive inhibition;    Pulp mill effluent;    Fathead minnow;   

Others  :  803696
DOI  :  10.1186/1477-7827-12-43

 received in 2014-02-10, accepted in 2014-05-07,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

A 5-day fathead minnow (FHM) spawning assay is used by industry to monitor pulp mill effluent quality, with some mill effluents capable of completely inhibiting spawning. The purpose of this report is to characterize the effect of an inhibitory effluent on egg and milt production in FHM.

Methods

Eight tanks were treated with an inhibitory effluent while eight were kept with clean water. Each tank contained two males and four females as per the 5-day FHM spawning assay used by industry. Females were stripped of ovulated eggs and males of milt in four effluent-exposed and four control tanks. Eggs oviposited in every tank were also counted and checked for fertilization and data analyzed with 2-way ANOVA.

Results

We show that female, but not male, fathead minnow reproductive function is impaired in the 5-day fathead minnow spawning assay used by industry to evaluate pulp mill effluent quality in Canada. Milt production was not changed in the control or exposed males mid-way and at the end of the five day exposure (p > 0.05; n = 8). Total egg production (stripped + oviposited) was impaired (p < 0.05) in fathead minnows exposed to effluent (288 eggs/tank, n = 4 tanks) compared to those in control tanks (753 eggs/tank, n = 4 tanks).

Conclusions

Our results indicate that males are able to detect female signals and prepare appropriately for spawning while in females inhibition of ovulation is occurring somewhere along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad reproductive axis. These results suggest female-specific neuroendocrine disruption and provide mechanistic insight into an assay used by industry to assess pulp mill effluent quality.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Waye et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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