Infection success of Echinoparyphium aconiatum (Trematoda) in its snail host under high temperature: role of host resistance

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Otto Seppälä¹  Katja Leicht² 

[1] ETH Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), Zürich 8092, Switzerland;Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Seminaarinkatu 15, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland

关键词: Experimental assessment;    Host-parasite interaction;    Resistance to infection;    Lymnaea stagnalis;    Heat wave;    Global climate change;    Echinoparyphium aconiatum;   

Others  :  807150
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-192

 received in 2014-03-03, accepted in 2014-04-14,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Extreme weather events such as summer heat waves become more frequent owing to global climate change and are predicted to alter disease dynamics. This is because high temperatures can reduce host immune function. Predicting the impact of climate change on host-parasite interactions is, however, difficult as temperature may also affect parasite infective stages and other host characteristics determining the outcome of interaction.

Methods

Two experiments were conducted to investigate these phenomena in a Lymnaea stagnalis–Echinoparyphium aconiatum (Trematoda) interaction. In the first experiment, the effects of exposure of snails to experimental heat waves [maintenance at 25°C vs. 15°C (control)] with different durations (3 days, 7 days) on the infection success of parasite cercariae was examined. In the second experiment, the infection success was examined under similar conditions, while controlling for the possible temperature effects on cercariae and at least partly also for host physiological changes that take place rapidly compared to alterations in immune function (exposure to cercariae at intermediate 20°C).

Results

In the first experiment, increased infection success at 25°C was found independently of the duration of the heat wave. In the second experiment, increased infection success was found only in snails maintained at 25°C for 7 days, a treatment in which snail immune defence is known to be impaired.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the effects of host resistance in determining overall parasite infection success can be overridden by effects of temperature on parasite transmission stages and/or alterations in other host traits than immune defence.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Leicht and Seppälä; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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