Extragonadal mixed germ cell tumor of the right arm: description of the first case in the literature

World Journal of Surgical Oncology

Mourad Elyaacoubi²  Noureddine Benjaafar³  Samir Benjelloun¹  Basma Elkhanoussi⁴  Aniss Benmansour¹  Mohamed Allaoui⁴  lssam Lalya³  Hicham Ait Benali² 

[1] Department of Surgical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco;Department of Trauma Surgery, Teaching Hospital Avicenne, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco;Department of Radiation Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco;Department of Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco

关键词: Teratoma;    Surgery;    Mixed germ cell tumors;    Extragonadal;    Embryonic carcinoma;    Chemotherapy;   

Others  :  827832
DOI  :  10.1186/1477-7819-10-69

 received in 2011-12-16, accepted in 2012-04-27,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Extragonadal localization of germ cell tumors (GCTs) is rare; to the best of our knowledge, a location in the soft tissue of the arm has never been previously reported in the literature.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 37-year-old man who presented with a primary malignant mixed non-seminomatous GCT (teratocarcinoma variety) in the right arm, treated by a combination of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and surgery. After 18 months of close follow-up, no locoregional recurrence or distant metastases have been detected.

Conclusions

A combination of chemotherapy and surgery is the most appropriate treatment strategy for extragonadal GCTs, to ensure both local and systemic control.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Ait Benali et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Droz JP, Horwich A: Extragonadal germ cell tumors. In Comprehensive Textbook of Genitourinary Oncology. 2nd edition. Edited by Vogelzang NJ, Scardino PT, Shipley WU, Doffey DS. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, New York, NY; 2000.
• [2]Morse MJ, Whitmore WF: Neoplasms of the testis. In Campbell’s Urology. 5th edition. Edited by Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perlmutter AD, Stamey TA. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, PA; 1986:1535.
• [3]Buskirk SS, Evans RG, Farrow G, Earle JP: Primary retroperitoneal seminoma. Cancer 1934, 1982:49.
• [4]Chinoy RF, Soman CS, Swaroop D, Badwar RA: Extragonadal malignant teratoma of the foot. Indian J Cancer 1992, 29:96-99.
• [5]Glenn OA, Barkovich AJ: Intracranial germ cell tumors: a comprehensive review of proposed embryologic derivation. Pediatr Neurosurg 1996, 24:242.
• [6]Chaganti RS, Houldsworth J: Genetics and biology of adult human male germ cell tumors. Cancer Res 2000, 60:1475.
• [7]Hailemariam S, Engeler DS, Bannwart F, Amin MB: Primary mediastinal germ cell tumor with intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis-further support for germ cell origin of these tumors: a case report. Cancer 1997, 79:1031.
• [8]Chaganti RS, Rodriguez E, Mathew S: Origin of adult male mediastinal germ-cell tumours. Lancet 1994, 343:1130.
• [9]Chen CK, Chang YL, Jou ST, Tseng YT, Lee YC: Treatment of mediastinal immature teratoma in a child with precocious puberty and Klinefelter’s syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg 1906, 2006:82.
• [10]Phowthongkum P: The second case of de novo intracranial germinoma association with Klinefelter’s syndrome. Surg Neurol 2006, 66:332.
• [11]Aguirre D, Nieto K, Lazos M, Peña YR, Palma I, Kofman-Alfaro S, Queipo G: Extragonadal germ cell tumors are often associated with Klinefelter syndrome. Hum Pathol 2006, 37:477.
• [12]Völkl TM, Langer T, Aigner T, Greess H, Beck JD, Rauch AM, Dörr HG: Klinefelter syndrome and mediastinal germ cell tumors. Am J Med Genet A 2006, 140:471.
• [13]Gonzalez-Crussi F: Extragonadal teratomas. In Atlas of Tumor Pathology. Volume 18. Edited by Hartmann WH, Cowan WR. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC; 1982:1-49.
• [14]Bšhle A, Studer UE, Sonntag RW, Scheidegger JR: Primary or secondary extragonadal germ cell tumors? J Urol 1986, 135:939.
• [15]McAleer JJ, Nicholls J, Horwich A: Does extragonadal presentation impart a worse prognosis to abdominal germ-cell tumours? Eur J Cancer 1992, 28A:825.
• [16]Comiter CV, Renshaw AA, Benson CB, Loughlin KR: Burned-out primary testicular cancer: sonographic and pathological characteristics. J Urol 1996, 156:85.
• [17]Balzer BL, Ulbright TM: Spontaneous regression of testicular germ cell tumors: an analysis of 42 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2006, 30:858.
• [18]Bilici A, Ustaalioglu BB, Seker M, Kayahan S: Case report:soft tissue metastasis from immature teratoma of the testis: second case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010, 468:2541-2544.
• [19]Cheng L: Establishing a germ cell origin for metastatic tumors using OCT4 immunohistochemistry. Cancer 2006, 2004:101.
• [20]Motzer RJ, Rodriguez E, Reuter VE, Bosl GJ, Mazumdar M, Chaganti RS: Molecular and cytogenetic studies in the diagnosis of patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas of unknown primary site. J Clin Oncol 1995, 13:274.
• [21]Heinonen K, Rao PN, Slack JL, Cruz J, Bloomfield CD, Mrózek K: Isochromosome 12p in two cases of acute myeloid leukaemia without evidence of germ cell tumour. Br J Haematol 1996, 93:677.
• [22]Genet P, Mossafa H, Pulik M: Isochromosome 12p in mediastinal centroblastic lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2000, 108:885.
• [23]Moran CA, Suster S: Primary germ cell tumors of the mediastinum: Analysis of 322 cases with special emphasis on teratomatous lesions and a proposal for histopathologic classification and clinical staging. Cancer 1997, 80:681-690.
• [24]Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermerlink HK, Harris CC: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. IARC Press, Lyon, France; 2004.
• [25]Wright CD, Kesler KA, Nichols CR: Primary mediastinal non seminomatous germ cell tumors, Results of a multimodality approach. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990, 99:210-217.
• [26]Chetaille B, Massard G, Falcozb PE: Mediastinal germ cell tumors: anatomopathology, classification, teratomas and malignant tumors. Rev Pneumol Clin 2010, 66:63-70.