An overview of Triple infection with Hepatitis B, C and D viruses

Virology Journal

Firoz Kabir¹  Hifza Kanwal¹  Muhamad Idrees¹  Mehwish Riaz¹ 

[1] National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig Lahore-53700, Pakistan

关键词: hepatocellular carcinoma;    liver cirrhosis;    HDV;    HBV;    HCV;    viral hepatitis;   

Others  :  1156403
DOI  :  10.1186/1743-422X-8-368

 received in 2011-05-13, accepted in 2011-07-27,  发布年份 2011

【 摘 要 】

Viral hepatitis is one of the major health problems worldwide, particularly in South East Asian countries including Pakistan where hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are highly endemic. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is also not uncommon world-wide. HCV, HBV, and HDV share parallel routes of transmission due to which dual or triple viral infection can occur in a proportion of patients at the same time. HBV and HCV are important factors in the development of liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition to LC and HCC, chronic HDV infection also plays an important role in liver damage with oncogenic potential.

The current article reviews the available literature about the epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, replication, disease outcome, treatment and preventive measures of triple hepatitis infection by using key words; epidemiology of triple infection, risk factors, awareness status, treatment and replication cycle in PubMed, PakMediNet, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and Google Scholar. Total data from 74 different studies published from 1983 to 2010 on triple hepatitis infections were reviewed and included in this study. The present article briefly describes triple infection with HCV, HBV and HDV.

【 授权许可】

   
2011 Riaz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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