Androgenic regulation of beta-defensins in the mouse epididymis

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Yun Sun¹  Zi-Jiang Chen¹  Xiang-Qi Li²  Qin-Ling Zhu¹  Wu-Bin Ma²  Guang-Xin Yao²  Mei Zou²  Shuang-Gang Hu² 

[1] Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China;Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Andrology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China

关键词: Beta-defensins;    Epididymis;    Androgen receptor;    Androgen;   

Others  :  1139779
DOI  :  10.1186/1477-7827-12-76

 received in 2014-04-28, accepted in 2014-08-01,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The majority of beta-defensin family members are exclusively expressed in the epididymis, and some members have been shown to play essential roles in sperm maturation and fertility in rats, mice and humans. Therefore, beta-defensins are hypothesized to be potential targets for contraception and infertility diagnosis and treatment. Clarifying the regulatory mechanisms for the expression of these genes is necessary. Androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays an important regulatory role in epididymal structure and function. However, very little is known about the androgenic regulation on the production and secretion of the epididymal beta-defensins.

Methods

The expression of beta-defensins was detected by quantitative RT-PCR. The androgen dependence of beta-defensins was determined by bilateral orchiectomy and androgen supplementation. The androgen response elements (AREs) in the promoters of beta-defensins were identified using the MatInspector software. The binding of AR to AREs was assayed by ChIP-PCR/qPCR.

Results

We demonstrated that 23 mouse caput epididymal beta-defensins were differentially regulated by androgen/androgen receptor. Six genes, Defb18, 19, 20, 39, 41, and 42, showed full regulation by androgens. Ten genes, Defb15, 30, 34, 37, 40, 45, 51, 52, 22 and Spag11a, were partially regulated by androgens. Defb15, 18, 19, 20, 30, 34, 37, 39, 41, 42, 22 and Spag11a were associated with androgen receptor binding sites in their promoter or intronic regions, indicating direct regulation of AR. Six genes, Defb1, 12, 13, 29, 35, and spag11b/c, exhibited an androgen-independent expression pattern. One gene, Defb25, was highly dependent on testicular factors rather on androgens.

Conclusions

The present study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of androgen regulation on epididymal beta-defensins, enabling a better understanding of the function of beta-defensins in sperm maturation and fertility.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Hu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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