Exosome-delivered microRNAs of “chromosome 19 microRNA cluster” as immunomodulators in pregnancy and tumorigenesis

Molecular Cytogenetics

Inga Flor¹  Jörn Bullerdiek¹ 

[1] Center for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. ZHG, Bremen, 28359, Germany

关键词: Immunomodulation;    Epigenetics;    Placenta;    C19MC;    Thyroid adenoma;    Chromosomal translocation;    MicroRNA;   

Others  :  1151403
DOI  :  10.1186/1755-8166-5-27

 received in 2012-04-05, accepted in 2012-05-06,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Structural rearrangements of chromosomal band 19q13 are a non-random cytogenetic abnormality in thyroid adenomas and adenomatous goiters and lead to an expression of miRNAs of the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster C19MC. Normally, expression of these miRNAs is silenced except for embryonic stem cells and the placenta where they represent the majority of miRNAs not only in the trophoblast but also in exosomes derived from it.

Presentation of the hypothesis

We have advanced the hypothesis that as part of the feto-maternal communication miRNAs of C19MC serve immunomodulatory functions in the placenta and confer a growth advantage to thyroid nodules by protecting them against autoimmune attacks. More precisely, the exosomes containing these miRNAs may specifically target immune cells in their local environment as well as systemically by transferring their cargo to recipient cells. Within these target cells the transferred miRNAs can interact with mRNAs of the recipient cells thereby suppressing their immune-specific functions.

Testing the hypothesis

Experiments used to demonstrate the immunomodulatory capacity of placenta-derived exosomes can be modified by transfecting the target cells with those miRNAs of C19MC represented in placental exosomes.

Implications of the hypothesis

Mimics of C19MC-derived miRNAs might develop to useful drug candidates for the treatment of autoimmune disease as e.g. rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren’s syndrome and for the prevention of transplant rejection. In case of tumor entities with elevated expression of C19MC miRNAs these miRNAs may be interesting targets for treatment with appropriate antagonists.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Bullerdiek and Flor; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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