Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Tetsuya Tanaka²  Kozo Fujisaki⁴  Masami Mochizuki²  Naotoshi Tsuji⁵  Kodai Kusakisako²  Hiroki Maeda²  Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji³  Takeshi Miyata¹  Remil Linggatong Galay² 

[1] Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;National Agricultural and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-0856, Ibaraki, Japan;Department of Parasitology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan

关键词: Oxidative stress;    Iron metabolism;    Vaccine;    Ferritin;    Haemaphysalis longicornis;    Ticks;   

Others  :  1149931
DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-014-0482-x

 received in 2014-07-10, accepted in 2014-10-07,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Tick control is an essential aspect of controlling the spread of tick-borne diseases affecting humans and animals, but it presently faces several challenges. Development of an anti-tick vaccine is aimed at designing cost-effective and environmentally friendly protection against ticks and tick-borne diseases as an alternative to the use of chemical acaricides. A single vaccine from the tick midgut protein Bm86 is currently available for field applications, but its efficacy is limited to only some tick species. Identification of candidate vaccine antigens that can affect multiple tick species is highly desirable. The hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis has two kinds of the iron-binding protein ferritin (HlFER), an intracellular HlFER1 and a secretory HlFER2, and RNA interference experiments showed that these are physiologically important in blood feeding and reproduction and in protection against oxidative stress. Here we investigated the potential of targeting HlFERs for tick control by immunizing the host with recombinant HlFERs (rHlFER1 and rHlFER2).

Methods

Rabbits were immunized with rHlFERs three times subcutaneously at two-week intervals. Antisera were collected before the first immunization and a week after each immunization to confirm the antigen-specific serum antibody titer by serum ELISA. Two weeks after the final immunization, the rabbits were challenged with tick infestation. After dropping, tick feeding and reproduction parameters were evaluated to determine vaccine efficacy. To demonstrate the effects of antibodies, oxidative stress was detected in the eggs and larvae.

Results

The antibody titer of rHlFER-immunized rabbits greatly increased after the second immunization. Antibodies exhibited cross-reactivity with rHlFERs and reacted with tick native HlFERs in Western blot analysis. Significantly lower bodyweight was observed in the ticks infested from the rHlFER2-immunized rabbit compared to those from the control rabbit. Reduced oviposition and hatching rate were observed in both rHlFER-immunized groups. rHlFER2 showed a higher vaccine efficacy. The antibodies against rHlFERs were detected in the eggs, and higher levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in the eggs and larvae, of ticks from rHlFER vaccinated rabbits.

Conclusion

Collectively, these results showed that HlFER2 has a good potential as an anti-tick vaccine antigen that may affect multiple tick species.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Galay et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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