Particle and Fibre Toxicology | |
Evaluation of the efficacy of DDT indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets against insecticide resistant populations of Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae) from Ethiopia using experimental huts | |
Delenasaw Yewhalaw4  Luc Duchateau2  Niko Speybroeck4  Weriessaw Hailesilassie1  Yehenew Getachew3  Abebe Asale5  | |
[1] Department of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;Department of Horticulture and Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia;Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia;Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium | |
关键词: Long-lasting insecticide treated nets; Experimental huts; Insecticide resistance; An. arabiensis; Ethiopia; | |
Others : 807719 DOI : 10.1186/1756-3305-7-131 |
|
received in 2013-06-28, accepted in 2014-03-08, 发布年份 2014 | |
【 摘 要 】
Background
Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) and Long-Lasting Insecticidal nets (LLINs) are major malaria vector control tools in Ethiopia. However, recent reports from different parts of the country showed that populations of Anopheles arabiensis, the principal malaria vector, have developed resistance to most families of insecticides recommended for public health use which may compromise the efficacy of both of these key vector control interventions. Thus, this study evaluated the efficacy of DDT IRS and LLINs against resistant populations of An. arabiensis using experimental huts in Asendabo area, southwestern Ethiopia.
Methods
The susceptibility status of populations of An. arabiensis was assessed using WHO test kits to DDT, deltamethrin, malathion, lambda-cyhalothrin, fenitrothion and bendiocarb. The efficacy of LLIN (PermaNet® 2.0), was evaluated using the WHO cone bioassay. Moreover, the effect of the observed resistance against malaria vector control interventions (DDT IRS and LLINs) were assessed using experimental huts.
Results
The findings of this study revealed that populations of An. arabiensis were resistant to DDT, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and malathion with mortality rates of 1.3%, 18.8%, 36.3% and 72.5%, respectively but susceptible to fenitrothion and bendiocarb with mortality rates of 98.81% and 97.5%, respectively. The bio-efficacy test of LLIN (PermaNet® 2.0) against An. arabiensis revealed that the mosquito population showed moderate knockdown (64%) and mortality (78%). Moreover, mosquito mortalities in DDT sprayed huts and in huts with LLINs were not significantly different (p > 0.05) from their respective controls.
Conclusion
The evaluation of the efficacy of DDT IRS and LLINs using experimental huts showed that both vector control tools had only low to moderate efficacy against An. arabiensis populations from Ethiopia. Despite DDT being replaced by carbamates for IRS, the low efficacy of LLINs against the resistant population of An. arabiensis is still a problem. Thus, there is a need for alternative vector control tools and implementation of appropriate insecticide resistance management strategies as part of integrated vector management by the national malaria control program.
【 授权许可】
2014 Asale et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
【 预 览 】
Files | Size | Format | View |
---|---|---|---|
20140708115430976.pdf | 774KB | download | |
Figure 2. | 24KB | Image | download |
Figure 1. | 94KB | Image | download |
【 图 表 】
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
【 参考文献 】
- [1]WHO: World Malaria Report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2012. Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world_malaria_report_2012/wmr2012_full_report.pdf webcite malaria report 2012/WMR
- [2]Vannice KS, Brown GV, Kenmore BD, Moorthy VS: MALVAC 2012 Scientific forum: accelerating development of second-generation malaria vaccines. Malar J 2012, 11:372. BioMed Central Full Text
- [3]FMoH: Ethiopia National Malaria Indicator Survey 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Technical Summary, Federal Ministry of Health; 2012.
- [4]Gebremariam N: Malaria. In The Ecology of Health and Disease in Ethiopia. Edited by Zein ZA, Kloos H. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Health; 1988:136-150.
- [5]Tulu AN: Malaria. In The Ecology of Health and Disease in Ethiopia. Edited by Kloos H, Zein ZA. Boulder: Westview Press; 1993:341-352.
- [6]WHO: Global Report on Anti-Malarial Drug Efficacy and Drug Resistance: 2000–2010. 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland: WHO Press, World Health Organization; 2010.
- [7]WHO: Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets for Malaria Prevention: Manual for Malaria Program Managers. 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland: WHO Press, World Health Organization; 2007.
- [8]WHO: Indoor Residual Spraying, Use of Indoor Residual Spraying for Scaling-up Global Malaria Control and Elimination. Global Malaria Program, Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006. WHO/HTM/MAL/2006.
- [9]Guyatt HL, Corlett SK, Robinson TP, Ocholas S, Robert SW: Malaria prevention in highland Kenya: indoor residual house spraying vs. insecticide treated bed nets. Trop Med Int Health 2002, 7:298-303.
- [10]N’Guessan R, Corbel V, Akogbeto M, Rowland M: Reduced efficacy of insecticide treated nets and indoor residual spraying for malaria control in pyrethroid resistance area, Benin. Emerg Infec Dis 2007, 13:199-206.
- [11]Kelly-Hope L, Ranson H, Hemingway J: Lessons from the past: managing insecticide resistance in malaria control and eradication programmes. Lancet Infec Dis 2008, 8:387-389.
- [12]Najera JA, Zaim M: Malaria Vector Control Insecticides for Indoor Residual Spraying. WHO/CDS/WHO-PES/2001.3; 2001.
- [13]Hemingway J, Ranson H: Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human diseases. Ann Review Entomol 2000, 45:371-391.
- [14]Bouwman H: Malaria control and the paradox of DDT. Afr Environ Wildlife 2000, 8:54-56.
- [15]Etang J, Chandre F, Guillet P, Manga L: Reduced bio-efficacy of permethrin EC impreginated bed nets against Anopheles gambiae strain with oxidase-based pyrethroid tolerance. Malar J 2004, 3:46. BioMed Central Full Text
- [16]Koffi AA, Ahoua-Alou PL, Adja AM, Chandre F: Insecticide resistance status of Anopheles gambiae s.s population from M’Bé: a WHOPES-labelled experimental hut station, 10 years after the political crisis in Côte d’Ivoire. Malar J 2013, 12:151. BioMed Central Full Text
- [17]Ahoua-Alou PL, Koffi AA, Adja AM, Assi BS, Kouassi KP N’Guessa R: Status of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae s. s. M form prior to the scaling Up of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) in Adzopé, Eastern Côte d’Ivoire. Parasit Vectors 2012, 5:289. BioMed Central Full Text
- [18]WHO: Coordinated Action Against Insecticide Resistance: Preserving the Effectiveness of Modern Malaria Vector Control. Global Malaria Programme. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- [19]Yewhalaw D, Bortel VW, Denis L, Coosemans M, Duchateau L, Speybroeck N: First evidence of high knockdown resistance frequency in Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Ethiopia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010, 83:122-125.
- [20]Balkew M, Ibrahim M, Koekemoer LL, Brooke BD, Engers H, Aseffa A, Gebre Michael T, El-Hassen I: Insecticide resistance in Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from villages in central, northern and south west Ethiopia and detection of kdr mutation. Parasit Vectors 2010, 3:40. BioMed Central Full Text
- [21]Massebo F, Balkew M, Gebre-Michael T, Lindtjørn B: Blood meal origins and insecticide susceptibility of Anopheles arabiensis from Chano in South-West Ethiopia. Parasit Vectors 2013, 6:44. BioMed Central Full Text
- [22]Abate A, Hadis M: Susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to DDT, malathion, permethrin and deltamethrin in Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health 2011, 16(4):486-491.
- [23]Balkew M, Getachew A, Chibsa S, Olana D, Reithinger R, Brogdon W: Insecticide resistance: a challenge to malaria vector control in Ethiopia. Malar J 2012, 11(1):139. BioMed Central Full Text
- [24]Yewhalaw D, Wassie F, Steurbaut W, Spanoghe P, Van Bortel W, Leen D, Tessema DA, Getachew Y, Marc C, Luc D, Niko S: Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. PLOS One 2011, 6(1):e16066.
- [25]Fettene M, Olana D, Christian RN, Koekemoer LL, Coetzee M: Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles arabiensis from Ethiopia. Afric Entomol 2013, 21(1):89-94.
- [26]Yewhalaw D, Asale A, Tushune K, Getachew Y, Duchateau L, Niko S: Bio-efficacy of selected long-lasting insecticidal nets against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles arabiensis from South-Western Ethiopia. Parasit Vectors 2012, 5:159. BioMed Central Full Text
- [27]Gerberg EJ: Manual for Mosquito Rearing and Experimental Techniques. American Mosquito Control Association. INC. Bulletin. No.5, 1970. Selma CA 93662: American Mosquito Control Association;
- [28]WHO: Test Procedures for Insecticide Resistance Monitoring in Malaria Vectors, bio-Efficacy, and Persistence of Insecticides on Treated Surfaces. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO/CDS/CPC/MAL/98.12; 1998.
- [29]WHO: Pesticides and Their Application: For the Control of Vectors and Pests of Public Health Importance. 6th edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006:114. WHO/CDS/NTD/WHOPES/GCDPP/2006.1
- [30]WHO: Guidelines for Testing Mosquito Adulticides for Indoor Residual Spraying and Treatment of Mosquito Nets. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006. WHO/CDS/NTD/WHOPES/2006.3
- [31]Abbott WS: A method for computing the effectiveness of insecticides. J Econ Entomol 1925, 18:265-267.
- [32]Gillies MT, Coetzee M: A Supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa South of the Sahara (Afrotropical Region), Johannesburg. South Africa: Publications of the South African Institute of Medical Research; 1987:55.
- [33]Kawada H, Dida OG, Ohashi K, Komagata O, Kasai S, Tomita T, Sonye G, Maekawa Y, Mwatele C, Njenga MS, Mwandawiro C, Minakawa N, Takagi M: Multimodal Pyrethroid Resistance in Malaria Vectors, Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus in Western Kenya. PLOS One 2011, 6(8):e22574.
- [34]Koudou GB, Ghattas H, Essé C, Nsanzabana C, Rohner F, Utzinger J, Faragher EB, Tschannen BA: The use of insecticide-treated nets for reducing malaria morbidity among children aged 6–59 months, in an area of high malaria transmission in central Côte d’Ivoire. Parasit Vectors 2010, 2:91.
- [35]Ranson H, Abdallah H, Badolo A, Guelbeogo MW, Kerah-Hinzoumbé C, Yangalbé-Kalnoné E, Sagnon N, Simard F, Coetzee M: Insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae: data from the first year of a multi-country study highlight the extent of the problem. Malar J 2009, 8:299. BioMed Central Full Text
- [36]Norris CL, Norris ED: Efficacy of long-lasting insecticidal nets in use in Macha, Zambia, against the local Anopheles arabiensis population. Malar J 2011, 10:254. BioMed Central Full Text
- [37]Okumu OF, Chipwaza B, Madumla PE, Mbeyela E, Lingamba G, Moore J, Ntamatungro JA, Kavishe RD, Moore JS: Implications of bio-efficacy and persistence of insecticides when indoor residual spraying and long lasting insecticide nets are combined for malaria prevention. Malar J 2012, 11:378. BioMed Central Full Text
- [38]Koudou GB, Koffi AA, Malone D, Hemingway J: Efficacy of PermaNet® 2.0 and PermaNet® 3.0 against insecticide-resistant Anopheles gambiae in experimental huts in Côte d’Ivoire. Malar J 2011, 10:172. BioMed Central Full Text
- [39]Tungu P, Magesa S, Maxwell C, Malima R, Masue D, Sudi W, Myamba J, Pigeon O, Rowland M: Evaluation of PermaNet® 3.0 a deltamethrin-PBO combination net against Anopheles gambiae and pyrethroid resistant Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes: an experimental hut trial in Tanzania. Malar J 2010, 9:21. BioMed Central Full Text
- [40]Chandre F, Dabire KR, Hougard J, Djogbenou SL, Irish RS, Rowland M, N’Guessan R: Field efficacy of pyrethroid treated plastic sheeting (durable lining) in combination with long lasting insecticidal nets against malaria vectors. Parasit Vectors 2010, 3:65. BioMed Central Full Text
- [41]Van Bortel W, Chinh DV, Berkvens D, Speybroeck N, Trung DH, Coosemans M: Impact of insecticide-treated nets on wild pyrethroid resistant Anopheles epiroticus population from southern Vietnam tested in experimental huts. Malar J 2009, 8:248. BioMed Central Full Text
- [42]Ngufor C, N’Guessan R, Boko P, Odjo A, Vigninou E, Asidi A, Akogbeto M, Rowland M: Combining indoor residual spraying with chlorfenapyr and long-lasting insecticidal bed nets for improved control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae: an experimental hut trial in Benin. Malar J 2011, 10:343. BioMed Central Full Text
- [43]Corbel V, Chabi J, Dabiré KR, Etang J, Nwane P, Pigeon O, Akogbeto M, Hougard J: Field efficacy of a new mosaic long-lasting mosquito net (PermaNet® 3.0) against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors: a multi-center study in Western and Central Africa. Malar J 2010, 9:113. BioMed Central Full Text