Population dynamics of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Bobo-Dioulasso city: bionomics, infection rate and susceptibility to insecticides

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Abdoulaye Diabaté⁵  Chris Bass²  Thierry Baldet⁶  Fabrice Chandre³  Frédéric Simard⁴  Louis-Clément Gouagna¹  Ali Ouari⁵  Hyacinthe K Toé⁵  Lassina B Yaro⁵  Simon P Sawadogo⁵  Moussa Namountougou⁵  Roch K Dabiré⁵ 

[1] IRD/UR016-CRVOI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière 97490, Sainte Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France;Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK;LIN-IRD/UMR MIVEGEC, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France;IRSS/UMR MIVEGEC/IRD, BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, 01 BP 390, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso;Centre Entomologique de Cotonou/IRD/CIRAD, 06 BP 2604, Cotonou, République du Bénin Cotonou, Bénin

关键词: Burkina Faso;    Bobo-Dioulasso;    Insecticide resistance;    An. arabiensis;    Anopheles gambiae s.l.;    Malaria;   

Others  :  1231770
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-5-127

 received in 2012-02-29, accepted in 2012-05-30,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Historical studies have indicated that An. gambiae s.s. is the predominant malaria vector species in Bobo-Dioulasso the second biggest city of Burkina Faso (West Africa). However, over the last decade, An. arabiensis appears to be replacing An. gambiae s.s. as the most prevalent malaria vector in this urban setting. To investigate this species transition in more detail the present study aims to provide an update on the malaria vector composition in Bobo-Dioulasso, and also the Plasmodium infection rates and susceptibility to insecticides of the local An. gambiae s.l. population.

Methods

An entomological survey was carried out from May to December 2008 in Dioulassoba and Kodeni (central and peripheral districts respectively), which are representative of the main ecological features of the city. Sampling consisted of the collection of larval stages from water bodies, and adults by monthly indoor residual spraying (IRS) using aerosol insecticides. Insecticide susceptibility tests were performed using the WHO filter paper protocol on adults emerged from larvae. PCR was used to determine vector species and to identify resistance mechanisms (kdr and ace-1^R). The Plasmodium infection rate was estimated by ELISA performed on female mosquitoes collected indoors by IRS.

Results

An. arabiensis was found to be the major malaria vector in Bobo-Dioulasso, comprising 50 to 100% of the vector population. The sporozoite infection rate for An. arabiensis was higher than An. gambiae s.s. at both Dioulassoba and Kodeni. An. gambiae s.l. was resistant to DDT and cross-resistant to pyrethroids at the two sites with higher levels of resistance observed in An. gambiae s.s. than An. arabiensis. Resistance to 0.1% bendiocarb was observed in the An. gambiae s.s. S form but not the M form or in An. arabiensis. The L1014F kdr mutation was detected in the two molecular forms of An. gambiae s.s. at varying frequencies (0.45 to 0.92), but was not detected in An. arabiensis, suggesting that other mechanisms are involved in DDT resistance in this species. The ace-1^R mutation was only detected in the S molecular form and was observed at the two sites at similar frequency (0.3).

Conclusions

Over the last ten years, An. arabiensis has become the major malaria vector in Bobo-Dioulasso city where it was formerly present only at low frequency. However, the ecological determinant that enhances the settlement of this species into urban and peri-urban areas of Bobo-Dioulasso remains to be clarified. The impact of the changing An. gambiae s.l. population in this region for vector control including resistance management strategies is discussed.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Dabire et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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