Characterization of HIV-1 envelopes in acutely and chronically infected injection drug users

Retrovirology

Manish Sagar⁴  Shruti Mehta¹  Gregory D Kirk¹  Oliver Laeyendecker²  Laura White³  Oscar A Gonzalez⁴  Behzad Etemad⁴ 

[1] Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

关键词: Interferon;    Selection;    Dendritic cells;    Injection drug use;    Replication;    Receptor;    Transmission;    Envelope;    HIV-1;   

Others  :  1151765
DOI  :  10.1186/s12977-014-0106-8

 received in 2014-05-22, accepted in 2014-11-08,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Mucosally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection results from a limited number of variants, and these infecting strains potentially have unique properties, such as increased susceptibility to entry blockers, relative interferon-alpha (IFN-α) resistance, and replication differences in some primary cells. There is no data about the phenotypic properties of HIV-1 envelope variants found early after acquisition among subjects infected through injection drug use (IDU). For the first time, we compared the characteristics of virus envelopes among injection drug users sampled prior to seroconversion (HIV RNA+/Ab-), within 1 year (early), and more than 2 years (chronic) after estimated acquisition.

Results

Virus envelopes from 7 HIV RNA+/Ab- subjects possessed lower genetic diversity and divergence compared to 7 unrelated individuals sampled during the chronic phase of disease. Replication competent recombinant viruses incorporating the HIV RNA+/Ab- as compared to the chronic phase envelopes were significantly more sensitive to a CCR5 receptor inhibitor and IFN-α and showed a statistical trend toward greater sensitivity to a fusion blocker. The early as compared to chronic infection envelopes also demonstrated a statistical trend or significantly greater sensitivity to CCR5 and fusion inhibitor and IFN- α. The HIV RNA+/Ab- as compared to chronic envelope viruses replicated to a lower extent in mature monocyte derived dendritic cells – CD4+ T cell co-cultures, but there were no significant replication differences in other primary cells among the viruses with envelopes from the 3 different stages of infection.

Conclusions

Similar to mucosal acquisition, HIV-1 envelope quasispecies present in injection drug users prior to seroconversion have unique phenotypic properties compared to those circulating during the chronic phase of disease.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Etemad et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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