Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of plant essential oils from Benin against Anopheles gambiae (Giles)

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Dominique C K Sohounhloue³  Félicien Avlessi³  Norbert De Kimpe¹  Martin C Akogbeto⁴  Pelagie M Boko⁴  Hounnankpon Yedomonhan²  Sven Mangelinckx¹  Annick D Bossou¹ 

[1] Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent B-9000, Belgium;Herbier National du Bénin, Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 4521, Bénin;Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée, Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 2009, Bénin;Centre de Recherche en Entomologie de Cotonou, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Bénin

关键词: Benin;    Insecticide;    Knock-down times;    Diagnostic dose;    Essential oils;    A. gambiae;    Malaria;   

Others  :  823728
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-6-337

 received in 2013-10-10, accepted in 2013-11-21,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Insecticide resistance in sub-Saharan Africa and especially in Benin is a major public health issue hindering the control of the malaria vectors. Each Anopheles species has developed a resistance to one or several classes of the insecticides currently in use in the field. Therefore, it is urgent to find alternative compounds to conquer the vector. In this study, the efficacies of essential oils of nine plant species, which are traditionally used to avoid mosquito bites in Benin, were investigated.

Methods

Essential oils of nine plant species were extracted by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were identified by GC-MS. These oils were tested on susceptible “kisumu” and resistant “ladji-Cotonou” strains of Anopheles gambiae, following WHO test procedures for insecticide resistance monitoring in malaria vector mosquitoes.

Results

Different chemical compositions were obtained from the essential oils of the plant species. The major constituents identified were as follows: neral and geranial for Cymbopogon citratus, Z-carveol, E-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol and E-p-mentha-2,8-dienol for Cymbopogon giganteus, piperitone for Cymbopogon schoenanthus, citronellal and citronellol for Eucalyptus citriodora, p-cymene, caryophyllene oxide and spathulenol for Eucalyptus tereticornis, 3-tetradecanone for Cochlospermum tinctorium and Cochlospermum planchonii, methyl salicylate for Securidaca longepedunculata and ascaridole for Chenopodium ambrosioides. The diagnostic dose was 0.77% for C. citratus, 2.80% for E. tereticornis, 3.37% for E. citriodora, 4.26% for C. ambrosioides, 5.48% for C. schoenanthus and 7.36% for C. giganteus. The highest diagnostic doses were obtained with S. longepedunculata (9.84%), C. tinctorium (11.56%) and C. planchonii (15.22%), compared to permethrin 0.75%. A. gambiae cotonou, which is resistant to pyrethroids, showed significant tolerance to essential oils from C. tinctorium and S. longepedunculata as expected but was highly susceptible to all the other essential oils at the diagnostic dose.

Conclusions

C. citratus, E. tereticornis, E. citriodora, C. ambrosioides and C. schoenanthus are potential promising plant sources for alternative compounds to pyrethroids, for the control of the Anopheles malaria vector in Benin. The efficacy of their essential oils is possibly based on their chemical compositions in which major and/or minor compounds have reported insecticidal activities on various pests and disease vectors such as Anopheles.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Bossou et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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