DDT and pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles arabiensis from South Africa

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Lizette L Koekemoer²  Nanette Coetzer¹  Riann N Christian²  Luisa Nardini² 

[1] Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;WITS Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

关键词: Microarrays;    Deltamethrin;    Permethrin;    Glutathione S-transferase;    Cytochrome P450;    Insecticide resistance;    South Africa;   

Others  :  825056
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-6-229

 received in 2013-06-10, accepted in 2013-08-02,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Pyrethroid resistance has been well documented in Anopheles arabiensis, one of the major African malaria vectors, and the predominant malaria vector in South Africa.

Methods

In this study, the genetic basis of pyrethroid resistance in a selected laboratory strain of An. arabiensis from South Africa was investigated using a custom-made microarray, known as the An. gambiae detoxification chip.

Results

A large number of P450 genes were over-transcribed, as well as a suite of redox genes and glutathione S-transferases. The five genes that showed the highest level of gene transcription when compared with an insecticide susceptible strain were: CYP6AG2, CYPZ1, TPX2, CYPZ2 and CYP6P1.

Conclusions

Permethrin resistance in South African An. arabiensis is associated with increased transcription of multiple genes, and a large proportion of these genes were also previously recorded as over-transcribed in another An. arabiensis strain selected for resistance to DDT with cross-resistance to deltamethrin. The deltamethrin resistance developed de novo in the DDT-selected strain and is most likely due to increased transcription of those genes associated with DDT resistance. However, of particular interest was the fact that the strain selected for resistance to pyrethroids did not develop de novo resistance to DDT. These differences are compared and discussed.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Nardini et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

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