Association of smoked and smokeless tobacco use with migraine: a hospital-based case–control study in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Tobacco Induced Diseases

Nobuyuki Hamajima¹  Junichi Sakamoto⁶  Hideki Kasuya⁵  Shaila Hossain³  Md Harun-Or-Rashid⁴  Mahbubur Rahman²  Mohammad Abul Bashar Sarker¹ 

[1] Young Leaders’ Program in Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan;Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA;Community Medicine Department, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Institute of Public Health (IPH), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh;Department of Surgery II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan;Tokai Central Hospital, Tokai, Japan

关键词: Bangladesh;    Smokeless tobacco;    Smoking;    Smoked tobacco;    Migraine;   

Others  :  867007
DOI  :  10.1186/1617-9625-11-15

 received in 2013-03-14, accepted in 2013-06-28,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Several studies in the past have reported inconclusive evidences on association of smoking and migraine. Nevertheless, no study so far reported association of smokeless tobacco with migraine. The objective of this study was to examine the association of smoked and smokeless tobacco use with migraine.

Methods

A hospital-based case–control study was conducted at the neurology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We enrolled 138 migraine cases diagnosed during March-September 2010 in neurology outpatient department, and 276 gender and age matched healthy controls from among their attendants. Diagnosis of migraine was based on the International Headache Society criteria. Use of smokeless tobacco and smoking (cigarette/bidi/hukka) were determined by an interviewer administered questionnaire.

Results

Among the cases, 52.9% were overall tobacco users; 24.6% were only smokers, 15.9% only smokeless tobacco users and 12.3% used both. The respective figures among controls were 14.5%, 7.2%, 6.9% and 0.4% (P <0.001 for all). The conditional logistic regression analysis found that migraine had higher odds of exposure to smoked tobacco use, smokeless tobacco use, and both compared to control after adjusting for confounding variables (alcohol drinking, insufficient sleep, mental stress, and number of family members); adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 6.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.2-19.6, P = 0.001), 5.8 (95%CI = 1.9-17.4, P = 0.001), and 54.2 (95%CI = 4.3-684.4, P = 0.002), respectively. The aOR of cigarette/bidi/hukka smoking for different doses was 5.5 (95%CI = 1.2-24.8, P = 0.027) for 1–5 times per day, 6.3 (95%CI = 1.8-21.2, P = 0.003) for 6–10 times per day, and 6.7 (95%CI = 1.9-23.2, P = 0.003) for >10 times per day relative to non users.

Conclusions

Both smoked and smokeless tobaccos were found to be associated with migraine. There is a need to incorporate smokeless tobacco along with smoked tobacco into the anti-tobacco awareness programs to reduce the burden of migraine in Bangladesh.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Sarker et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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