Investigating a hyper-endemic focus of Taenia solium in northern Lao PDR

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

John Allen⁷  Lian Thomas⁵  Pierre Dorny¹  Boualam Khamlome⁴  Emma Hobbs²  Chattouphone Keokhamphet⁶  Amanda Ash³  Anna Okello² 

[1] Veterinary Helminthology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium;School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Chancellors Building 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, Scotland;School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia;Department of Hygiene and Prevention, Ministry of Health, Lao PDR, Vientiane, Lao;Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3YJ;National Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Lao PDR, Vientiane, Lao;CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) Regional Programme, 5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong, Victoria, Australia

关键词: One health;    Neglected tropical diseases;    Lao PDR;    Cysticercosis;    Taeniasis;    Taenia solium;   

Others  :  807695
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-134

 received in 2013-12-17, accepted in 2014-03-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The Taenia solium cysticercosis-taeniasis complex is a Neglected Tropical Disease of significant public health importance in many impoverished communities worldwide. The parasite is suspected to be endemic in Lao PDR as a result of widespread risk factors including open human defecation, free ranging pigs and weak systems for meat inspection and carcass condemnation. Reported prevalences of human taeniasis throughout the country have ranged from 0-14%, although few of these have definitively diagnosed T. solium, grossly indistinguishable from Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) and Taenia asiatica. This short communication details the suspicion of a hyper endemic “hotspot” of T. solium in a remote Tai Dam village in northern Lao PDR.

Findings

Initial antibody serosurveillance of four provinces in Lao PDR in 2011 indicated human taeniasis and cysticercosis prevalences of 46.7% and 66.7% respectively, in the village of Om Phalong in the north of the country. Subsequent copro-antigen ELISA on 92 human faecal samples from this same village, representing a total 27.9% of the target community, indicated a taeniasis prevalence of 26.1% (95% CI?=?18.2-35.9). Subsequent PCR and sequencing of samples (n?=?5) all identified as T. solium; the other human tapeworms T. saginata and T. asiatica were not detected in any of the samples genotyped.

Conclusion

This is potentially one of the highest documented prevalences of T. solium taeniasis to date in Lao PDR, if not the Southeast Asia region. This result raises suspicion that other “hotspots” of T. solium hyper endemicity may exist in the region, particularly in communities where the consumption of raw pork is commonplace as a result of cultural practices.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Okello et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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