Seasonal performance of a malaria rapid diagnosis test at community health clinics in a malaria-hyperendemic region of Burkina Faso

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Sodiomon B Sirima³  Alfred S Traoré¹  Espérance Ouédraogo²  Jean B Yaro²  Adama Gansané²  Alphonse Ouédraogo²  Issiaka Soulama²  Souleymane Sanon²  Alfred Tiono²  Issa Nébié²  Amidou Diarra² 

[1] UFR Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (SVT) Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso;Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso;Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

关键词: OptiMAL;    RDT;    Transmission season;    Malaria diagnosis;   

Others  :  1231794
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-5-103

 received in 2011-09-26, accepted in 2012-05-17,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Backgound

Treatment of confirmed malaria patients with Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) at remote areas is the goal of many anti-malaria programs. Introduction of effective and affordable malaria Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) in remote areas could be an alternative tool for malaria case management. This study aimed to assess performance of the OptiMAL dipstick for rapid malaria diagnosis in children under five.

Methods

Malaria symptomatic and asymptomatic children were recruited in a passive manner in two community clinics (CCs). Malaria diagnosis by microscopy and RDT were performed. Performance of the tests was determined.

Results

RDT showed similar ability (61.2%) to accurately diagnose malaria as microscopy (61.1%). OptiMAL showed a high level of sensitivity and specificity, compared with microscopy, during both transmission seasons (high & low), with a sensitivity of 92.9% vs. 74.9% and a specificity of 77.2% vs. 87.5%.

Conclusion

By improving the performance of the test through accurate and continuous quality control of the device in the field, OptiMAL could be suitable for use at CCs for the management and control of malaria.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Diarra et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Dicko A, Mantel C, Kouriba B, Sagara I, Thera MA, Doumbia S, Diallo M, Poudiougou B, Diakite M, Doumbo OK: Season, fever prevalence and pyrogenic threshold for malaria disease definition in an endemic area of Mali. Trop Med Int Health 2005, 10(6):550-556.
• [2]Reyburn H, Ruanda J, Mwerinde O, Drakeley C: The contribution of microscopy to targeting antimalarial treatment in a low transmission area of Tanzania. Malar J 2006, 5:4. BioMed Central Full Text
• [3]Wongsrichanalai C, Barcus MJ, Muth S, Sutamihardja A, Wernsdorfer WH: A review of malaria diagnostic tools: microscopy and rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007, 77(6 Suppl):119-127.
• [4]Sirima BSI, Tiono AB, Konate AT: Données de base pour le suivi et l'évaluation de l'initiative "Faire reculer le Paludisme" et "Situation de la mise en oeuvre de l'initiative "Faire Reculer le Paludisme"dans les zones pilotes. Ouagadougou, Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme. 2003, 54-72.
• [5]Pfeiffer K, Some F, Muller O, Sie A, Kouyate B, Haefeli WE, Zoungrana A, Gustafsson LL, Tomson G, Sauerborn R: Clinical diagnosis of malaria and the risk of chloroquine self-medication in rural health centres in Burkina Faso. Trop Med Int Health 2008, 13(3):418-426.
• [6]Shillcutt S, Morel C, Goodman C, Coleman P, Bell D, Whitty CJ, Mills A: Cost-effectiveness of malaria diagnostic methods in sub-Saharan Africa in an era of combination therapy. Bull World Health Organ 2008, 86(2):101-110.
• [7]Haditsch M: Quality and reliability of current malaria diagnostic methods. Travel Med Infect Dis 2004, 2(3–4):149-160.
• [8]Craig MH, Sharp BL: Comparative evaluation of four techniques for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1997, 91(3):279-282.
• [9]Beadle C, Long GW, Weiss WR, McElroy PD, Maret SM, Oloo AJ, Hoffman SL: Diagnosis of malaria by detection of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 antigen with a rapid dipstick antigen-capture assay. Lancet 1994, 343(8897):564-568.
• [10]Makler MT, Palmer CJ, Ager AL: A review of practical techniques for the diagnosis of malaria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1998, 92(4):419-433.
• [11]Mendiratta DK, Bhutada K, Narang R, Narang P: Evaluation of different methods for diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006, 24(1)):49-51.
• [12]Ashley EA, Touabi M, Ahrer M, Hutagalung R, Htun K, Luchavez J, Dureza C, Proux S, Leimanis M, Lwin MM, et al.: Evaluation of three parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based rapid diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of falciparum and vivax malaria. Malar J 2009, 8:241. BioMed Central Full Text
• [13]WHO: Malaria Rapid Diagnosis Test Performance.2008. Round 1 (Results of WHO product testing of malaria RDT. Round 1 2008, 2008:P97.
• [14]Nebie I, Diarra A, Ouedraogo A, Soulama I, Bougouma EC, Tiono AB, Konate AT, Chilengi R, Theisen M, Dodoo D, et al.: Humoral responses to Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigens and association with incidence of clinical malaria in children living in an area of seasonal malaria transmission in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Infect Immun 2008, 76(2):759-766.
• [15]Ratsimbasoa A, Randriamanantena A, Raherinjafy R, Rasoarilalao N, Menard D: Which malaria rapid test for Madagascar? Field and laboratory evaluation of three tests and expert microscopy of samples from suspected malaria patients in Madagascar. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007, 76(3):481-485.
• [16]Iqbal J, Muneer A, Khalid N, Ahmed MA: Performance of the OptiMAL test for malaria diagnosis among suspected malaria patients at the rural health centers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003, 68(5):624-628.
• [17]Piper R, Lebras J, Wentworth L, Hunt-Cooke A, Houze S, Chiodini P, Makler M: Immunocapture diagnostic assays for malaria using Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH). Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999, 60(1):109-118.
• [18]Fogg C, Twesigye R, Batwala V, Piola P, Nabasumba C, Kiguli J, Mutebi F, Hook C, Guillerm M, Moody A, et al.: Assessment of three new parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pan-pLDH) tests for diagnosis of uncomplicated malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2008, 102(1):25-31.
• [19]Iqbal J, Sher A, Hira PR, Al-Owaish R: Comparison of the OptiMAL test with PCR for diagnosis of malaria in immigrants. J Clin Microbiol 1999, 37(11):3644-3646.
• [20]Mboera LE, Fanello CI, Malima RC, Talbert A, Fogliati P, Bobbio F, Molteni F: Comparison of the Paracheck-Pf test with microscopy, for the confirmation of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Tanzania. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2006, 100(2):115-122.
• [21]Randrianasolo L, Tafangy PB, Raharimalala LA, Ratsimbasoa AC, Randriamanantena A, Randrianarivelojosia M: Rapid diagnostic test for malaria: preliminary study in Madagascar in 2003. Sante 2007, 17(2):69-73.
• [22]Cooke AH, Chiodini PL, Doherty T, Moody AH, Ries J, Pinder M: Comparison of a parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based immunochromatographic antigen detection assay (OptiMAL) with microscopy for the detection of malaria parasites in human blood samples. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999, 60(2):173-176.
• [23]Iqbal J, Khalid N, Hira PR: Comparison of two commercial assays with expert microscopy for confirmation of symptomatically diagnosed malaria. J Clin Microbiol 2002, 40(12):4675-4678.
• [24]Kyabayinze DJ, Tibenderana JK, Odong GW, Rwakimari JB, Counihan H: Operational accuracy and comparative persistent antigenicity of HRP2 rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a hyperendemic region of Uganda. Malar J 2008, 7:221. BioMed Central Full Text
• [25]Wanji S, Kimbi HK, Eyong JE, Tendongfor N, Ndamukong JL: Performance and usefulness of the Hexagon rapid diagnostic test in children with asymptomatic malaria living in the Mount Cameroon region. Malar J 2008, 7:89. BioMed Central Full Text
• [26]van Dijk DP, Gillet P, Vlieghe E, Cnops L, van Esbroeck M, Jacobs J: Evaluation of the Palutop + 4 malaria rapid diagnostic test in a non-endemic setting. Malar J 2009, 8:293. BioMed Central Full Text
• [27]Fryauff DJ, Gomez-Saladin E, Purnomo , Sumawinata I, Sutamihardja MA, Tuti S, Subianto B, Richie TL: Comparative performance of the ParaSight F test for detection of Plasmodium falciparum in malaria-immune and nonimmune populations in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Bull World Health Organ 1997, 75(6)):547-552.
• [28]Humar A, Ohrt C, Harrington MA, Pillai D, Kain KC: Parasight F test compared with the polymerase chain reaction and microscopy for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in travelers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1997, 56(1):44-48.
• [29]Karbwang J, Tasanor O, Kanda T, Wattanagoon Y, Ibrahim M, Na-Bangchang K, Thanavibul A, Rooney W: ParaSight-F test for the detection of treatment failure in multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1996, 90(5):513-515.
• [30]Palmer CJ, Lindo JF, Klaskala WI, Quesada JA, Kaminsky R, Baum MK, Ager AL: Evaluation of the OptiMAL test for rapid diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J Clin Microbiol 1998, 36(1):203-206.
• [31]Van den Ende J, Vervoort T, Van Gompel A, Lynen L: Evaluation of two tests based on the detection of histidine rich protein 2 for the diagnosis of imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1998, 92(3):285-288.
• [32]Jorgensen P, Chanthap L, Rebueno A, Tsuyuoka R, Bell D: Malaria rapid diagnostic tests in tropical climates: the need for a cool chain. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006, 74(5):750-754.
• [33]Jaeschke R, Guyatt GH, Sackett DL: Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients? The Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA 1994, 271(9)):703-707.
• [34]Malik S, Khan S, Das A, Samantaray JC: Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase assay to detect malarial parasites. Natl Med J India 2004, 17(5):237-239.
• [35]Valea I, Tinto H, Nikiema M, Yamuah L, Rouamba N, Drabo M, Guiguemde RT, d'Alessandro U: Performance of OptiMAL-IT compared to microscopy, for malaria detection in Burkina Faso. Trop Med Int Health 2009, 14(3):338-340.
• [36]Harvey SA, Jennings L, Chinyama M, Masaninga F, Mulholland K, Bell DR: Improving community health worker use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Zambia: package instructions, job aid and job aid-plus-training. Malar J 2008, 7:160. BioMed Central Full Text
• [37]Kim YM, Kols A, Martin A, Silva D, Rinehart W, Prammawat S, Johnson S, Church K: Promoting informed choice: evaluating a decision-making tool for family planning clients and providers in Mexico. Int Fam Plan Perspect 2005, 31(4):162-171.
• [38]Bisoffi Z, Sirima BS, Angheben A, Lodesani C, Gobbi F, Tinto H, Van den Ende J: Rapid malaria diagnostic tests vs. clinical management of malaria in rural Burkina Faso: safety and effect on clinical decisions. A randomized trial. Trop Med Int Health 2009, 14(((5):491-498.