Serological evidence of vector and parasite exposure in Southern Ghana: the dynamics of malaria transmission intensity

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Kwadwo Ansah Koram¹  Ellis Owusu-Dabo²  Guofa Zhou⁶  Chris Drakeley³  Guiyun Yan⁶  Daniel Dodoo⁵  Daniel Mensah⁵  Maxwell Appawu⁴  Ben Gyan⁵  Kingsley Badu⁵ 

[1] Department of Epidemiology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Science University of Ghana, Accra, LG581, , Legon, Ghana;Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana;London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK;Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Science University of Ghana, Accra, LG581, , Legon, Ghana;Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Science University of Ghana, Accra, LG581, , Legon, Ghana;Program in Public Health, Room 3038, Hewitt Hall, College of Health Science, University of California, Irvine 92697-4050, CA, USA

关键词: Parasite prevalence;    Merozoite surface protein;    Seroconversion rate;    Seroprevalence;    Malaria exposure;    Salivary peptide;    Anopheles gambiae;   

Others  :  1204114
DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-015-0861-y

 received in 2015-01-12, accepted in 2015-04-15,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Seroepidemiology provides robust estimates for tracking malaria transmission when intensity is low and useful when there is no baseline entomological data. Serological evidence of exposure to malaria vectors and parasite contribute to our understanding of the risk of pathogen transmission, and facilitates implementation of targeted interventions. Ab to Anopheles gambiae salivary peptide (gSG6-P1) and merozoite surface protein one (MSP-1₁₉₎ reflect human exposure to malaria vectors and parasites. This study estimated malaria transmission dynamics using serological evidence of vector and parasite exposure in southern Ghana.

Methods

Total IgG responses to both antigens in an age stratified cohort (<5, 5–14, >14) were measured from South-eastern Ghana. 295 randomly selected sera were analyzed from archived samples belonging to a cohort study that were followed at 3 consecutive survey months (n = 885); February, May and August 2009. Temporal variations in seroprevalence of both antigens as well as differences between the age-stratified cohorts were determined by χ² test with p < 0.05 statistically significant. Non-parametric repeated ANOVA – Friedman’s test was used to test differences in antibody levels. Seroprevalence data were fitted to reversible catalytic model to estimate sero-conversion rates.

Results

Whereas parasite prevalence was generally low 2.4%, 2.7% and 2.4% with no apparent trends with season, seroprevalence to both gSG6-P1 and MSP1₁₉ were high (59%, 50.9%, 52.2%) and 57.6%, 52.3% and 43.6% in respective order from Feb. to August. Repeated measures ANOVA showed differences in median antibody levels across surveys with specific significant differences between February and May but not August by post hoc Dunn’s multiple comparison tests for gSG6-P1. For MSP1₁₉, no differences were observed in antibody levels between February and May but a significant decline was observed from May to August. Seroconversion rates for gSG6-P1 increased by 1.5 folds from February to August and 3 folds for MSP1₁₉.

Conclusion

Data suggests exposure to infectious bites may be declining whereas mosquito bites remains high. Sustained malaria control efforts and surveillance are needed to drive malaria further down and to prevent catastrophic rebound. Operational factors for scaling up have been discussed.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Badu et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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