Schistosoma haematobium detection in snails by DraI PCR and Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR: further evidence of the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in Morocco

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Mohamed Rhajaoui⁴  Abderrahman Laamrani El Idrissi²  Btissam Ameur²  Haddou Nhammi²  Hajiba Fellah⁴  Abderrahim Sadak¹  Ibrahim Abbasi³  Faiza Sebti⁴  Fatima Amarir¹ 

[1] Department of Biology, University of Mohammed V, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco;Direction of Epidemiology and Control of Diseases, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine;Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Hygiene, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco

关键词: Morocco;    Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR;    DraI PCR;    Schistosoma haematobium;    Bulinus truncatus;    Elimination;    Schistosomiasis;   

Others  :  1183576
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-288

 received in 2013-10-21, accepted in 2014-06-03,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

This is the first study in Morocco to estimate snail infection rates at the last historic transmission sites of schistosomiasis, known to be free from new infection among humans since 2004. Screening of large numbers of snails for infection is one way to confirm that Schistosoma haematobium transmission has stopped and does not resurge.

Methods

A total of 2703 Bulinus truncatus snails were collected from 24 snail habitats in five provinces of Morocco: Errachidia, El Kelaa des Sraghna, Tata, Beni Mellal, and Chtouka Ait Baha. All visible snails were collected with a scoop net or by hand. We used waders and gloves as simple precautions. Snails were morphologically identified according to Moroccan Health Ministry guide of schistosomiasis (1982).

All snails were analyzed in pools by molecular tool, using primers from the newly identified repeated DNA sequence, termed DraI, in the S. haematobium group. To distinguish S. bovis and S. haematobium, the snails were analyzed by Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR that was specific of S. haematobium.

Results

The results showed that snails from Errachidia, Chtouka Ait Baha, sector of Agoujgal in Tata and sector of Mbarkiya in El kelaa des Sraghna were negative for DraI PCR; but, snails from remaining snail habitats of El Kelaa des Sraghna, Tata and Beni Mellal were positive. This led to suggest the presence of circulating schistosome species (S. haematobium, S. bovis or others) within these positive snail habitats. Subsequently, confirmation with S. haematobium species specific molecular assay, Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR, showed that none of the collected snails were infected by S. haematobium in all historic endemic areas.

Conclusion

The absence of S. haematobium infection in snails supports the argument of S. haematobium transmission interruption in Morocco.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Amarir et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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