Lack of evidence for the presence of Schmallenberg virus in mosquitoes in Germany, 2011

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Martin Beer³  Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit¹  Norbert Becker²  Hanna Jöst¹  Kerstin Wernike³ 

[1] German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel, Hamburg, Germany;German Mosquito Control Association (KABS), Waldsee, Germany;Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany

关键词: Transmission;    Mosquito;    Vector;    Arbovirus;    Orthobunyavirus;    Schmallenberg virus;   

Others  :  1150680
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-402

 received in 2014-06-27, accepted in 2014-08-05,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

In 2011, a novel orthobunyavirus of the Simbu serogroup was discovered near the German-Dutch border and named Schmallenberg virus (SBV). So far, SBV genome has been detected in various field-collected Culicoides species; however, other members of the Simbu serogroup are also transmitted by mosquitoes.

Findings

In the present study, approximately 50,000 mosquitoes of various species were collected during summer and early autumn 2011 in Germany. None of them tested positive in an SBV-specific real-time PCR.

Conclusions

The absence of SBV in mosquitoes caught in 2011 in Germany suggests that they play no or only a negligible role in the spread of the disease.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Wernike et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Hoffmann B, Scheuch M, Höper D, Jungblut R, Holsteg M, Schirrmeier H, Eschbaumer M, Goller KV, Wernike K, Fischer M, Breithaupt A, Mettenleiter T, Beer M: Novel orthobunyavirus in cattle, Europe, 2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2012, 18(3):469-472.
• [2]Beer M, Conraths FJ, van der Poel WH: 'Schmallenberg virus' - a novel orthobunyavirus emerging in Europe. Epidemiol Infect 2013, 141(1):1-8.
• [3]Elliott RM, Blakqori G: Molecular biology of orthobunyaviruses. In Bunyaviridae: Molecular and Cellular Biology. Edited by Plyusnin A, Elliott RM. Norfolk, UK: Caister Academic Press; 2011:1-39.
• [4]Saeed MF, Li L, Wang H, Weaver SC, Barrett AD: Phylogeny of the Simbu serogroup of the genus Bunyavirus. J Gen Virol 2001, 82(Pt 9):2173-2181.
• [5]Elbers AR, Meiswinkel R, van Weezep E, van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM S, Kooi EA: Schmallenberg Virus in Culicoides spp. Biting Midges, the Netherlands, 2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2013, 19(1):106-109.
• [6]De Regge N, Deblauwe I, De Deken R, Vantieghem P, Madder M, Geysen D, Smeets F, Losson B, van den Berg T, Cay AB: Detection of Schmallenberg virus in different Culicoides spp. by real-time RT-PCR. Transboundary and emerging diseases 2012, 59(6):471-475.
• [7]Rasmussen LD, Kristensen B, Kirkeby C, Rasmussen TB, Belsham GJ, Bodker R, Bøtner A: Culicoids as vectors of schmallenberg virus. Emerg Infect Dis 2012, 18(7):1204-1206.
• [8]Scholte EJ, Mars MH, Braks M, DENH W, Ibanez-Justicia A, Koopmans M, Koenraadt JC ADEV, Reusken C: No evidence for the persistence of Schmallenberg virus in overwintering mosquitoes. Med Vet Entomol 2013, 28(1):110-115.
• [9]Becker N, Petric D, Zgomba M, Boase C, Dahl C, Lane J, Kaiser A: Mosquitoes and their control. 1st edition. New York, NY: Kluwer; 2003.
• [10]Jöst H, Bialonski A, Storch V, Gunther S, Becker N, Schmidt-Chanasit J: Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of Sindbis viruses from mosquitoes in Germany. J Clin Microbiol 2010, 48(5):1900-1903.
• [11]Bilk S, Schulze C, Fischer M, Beer M, Hlinak A, Hoffmann B: Organ distribution of Schmallenberg virus RNA in malformed newborns. Vet Microbiol 2012, 159(1–2):236-238.
• [12]Elbers AR, Meiswinkel R, van Weezep E, Kooi EA, van der Poel WH: Schmallenberg Virus in Culicoides Biting Midges in the Netherlands in 2012. Transboundary and emerging diseases 2014. doi:10.1111/tbed.12128
• [13]Veldhuis AM, van Schaik G, Vellema P, Elbers AR, Bouwstra R, van der Heijden HM, Mars MH: Schmallenberg virus epidemic in the Netherlands: Spatiotemporal introduction in 2011 and seroprevalence in ruminants. Prev Vet Med 2013, 112(1-2):35-47.
• [14]Wernike K, Conraths F, Zanella G, Granzow H, Gache K, Schirrmeier H, Valas S, Staubach C, Marianneau P, Kraatz F, Höreth-Böntgen D, Reimann I, Zientara S, Beer M: Schmallenberg virus-Two years of experiences. Prev Vet Med 2014. doi:10.1016/j
• [15]EFSA: "Schmallenberg" virus: analysis of the epidemiological data (May 2013). EFSA Supporting Publications 2013 EN-3429; http://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/supporting/doc/429e.pdf webcite; accessed 15/07/2013 2013
• [16]Becker N, Kruger A, Kuhn C, Plenge-Bonig A, Thomas SM, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Tannich E: [Mosquitoes as vectors for exotic pathogens in Germany]. Bundesgesundhbl. Gesundheitsforsch. Gesundheitsschutz 2014, 57(5):531-540.
• [17]Lundström JO: Mosquito-borne viruses in western Europe: a review. Journal of vector ecology: journal of the Society for Vector Ecology 1999, 24(1):1-39.
• [18]Hubalek Z: Mosquito-borne viruses in Europe. Parasitol Res 2008, 103(Suppl 1):S29-S43.
• [19]Rasmussen LD, Kirkeby C, Bodker R, Kristensen B, Rasmussen TB, Belsham GJ, Bøtner A: Rapid spread of Schmallenberg Virus-infected Biting Midges (Culicoides spp.) across Denmark in 2012. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2014, 61(1):12-16.