Whether all obese subjects both in metabolic groups and non-metabolic groups should be treated or not

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders

Bagher Larijani³  Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar²  Moloud Payab¹ 

[1] Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;EMRI (Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute), 5th Floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave., Tehran 14114, Iran;Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

关键词: Sleep disorders;    Osteoarthritis;    Metabolic disorder;    Obesity;   

Others  :  806311
DOI  :  10.1186/2251-6581-13-21

 received in 2013-10-08, accepted in 2014-01-13,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

More recent researches have focused on metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes and on this phenotype, individuals may be obese without metabolic disorders. Osteoarthritis (OA), kidney diseases and sleep disorders are three factors related to the obesity that these conditions are associated only with obesity but not with metabolic complications. Regardless of whether obese individuals are in metabolic groups or not, they should be treated. All studies should be based on the risk of all-cause mortality in the MHO phenotypes.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Payab et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation World Health Organization technical report series 2000, 894:i-xii. 1-253
• [2]Karelis AD, St-Pierre DH, Conus F, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Poehlman ET: Metabolic and body composition factors in subgroups of obesity: what do we know? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89(6):2569-2575.
• [3]Koonce RC, Bravman JT: Obesity and osteoarthritis: more than just wear and tear. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2013, 21(3):161-169.
• [4]Rtveladze K, Marsh T, Webber L, Kilpi F, Levy D, Conde W, et al.: Health and economic burden of obesity in Brazil. PLoS One 2013, 8(7):e68785.
• [5]Hargens TA, Kaleth AS, Edwards ES, Butner KL: Association between sleep disorders, obesity, and exercise: a review. Nat Sci Sleep 2013, 5:27-35.
• [6]Soriguer F, Gutierrez-Repiso C, Rubio-Martin E, Garcia-Fuentes E, Almaraz MC, Colomo N, et al.: Metabolically healthy but obese, a matter of time? Findings from the prospective Pizarra study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013, 98(6):2318-2325.
• [7]Sims EA: Are there persons who are obese, but metabolically healthy? Metab Clin Exp 2001, 50(12):1499-1504.
• [8]Stefan N, Kantartzis K, Machann J, Schick F, Thamer C, Rittig K, et al.: Identification and characterization of metabolically benign obesity in humans. Arch Intern Med 2008, 168(15):1609-1616.
• [9]Wildman RP, Muntner P, Reynolds K, McGinn AP, Rajpathak S, Wylie-Rosett J, et al.: The obese without cardiometabolic risk factor clustering and the normal weight with cardiometabolic risk factor clustering: prevalence and correlates of 2 phenotypes among the US population (NHANES 1999–2004). Arch Intern Med 2008, 168(15):1617-1624.
• [10]Karelis AD, Rabasa-Lhoret R: Inclusion of C-reactive protein in the identification of metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) individuals. Diabetes Metab 2008, 34(2):183-184.
• [11]Appleton SL, Seaborn CJ, Visvanathan R, Hill CL, Gill TK, Taylor AW, et al.: Diabetes and cardiovascular disease outcomes in the metabolically healthy obese phenotype: a cohort study. Diabetes Care 2013, 36(8):2388-2394.
• [12]National Institutes of Health: Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults--the evidence report. Obes Res 1998, 6(2):51S-209S.
• [13]Hamer M, Stamatakis E: Metabolically healthy obesity and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012, 97(7):2482-2488.