Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting parasitic microbial eukaryotes

Genome Biology

Robert P Hirt²  T Martin Embley²  Sirintra Nakjang²  Thomas Sicheritz-Ponten¹  Peter G Foster³  Cecilia Alsmark⁴ 

[1] Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, DK-2900 Hørsholm, Denmark;Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK;Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK;Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden

关键词: parasites;    eukaryotes;    lateral gene transfer;    phylogenomics;    Genome evolution;   

Others  :  1136535
DOI  :  10.1186/gb-2013-14-2-r19

 received in 2012-10-18, accepted in 2013-02-25,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

The influence of lateral gene transfer on gene origins and biology in eukaryotes is poorly understood compared with those of prokaryotes. A number of independent investigations focusing on specific genes, individual genomes, or specific functional categories from various eukaryotes have indicated that lateral gene transfer does indeed affect eukaryotic genomes. However, the lack of common methodology and criteria in these studies makes it difficult to assess the general importance and influence of lateral gene transfer on eukaryotic genome evolution.

Results

We used a phylogenomic approach to systematically investigate lateral gene transfer affecting the proteomes of thirteen, mainly parasitic, microbial eukaryotes, representing four of the six eukaryotic super-groups. All of the genomes investigated have been significantly affected by prokaryote-to-eukaryote lateral gene transfers, dramatically affecting the enzymes of core pathways, particularly amino acid and sugar metabolism, but also providing new genes of potential adaptive significance in the life of parasites. A broad range of prokaryotic donors is involved in such transfers, but there is clear and significant enrichment for bacterial groups that share the same habitats, including the human microbiota, as the parasites investigated.

Conclusions

Our data show that ecology and lifestyle strongly influence gene origins and opportunities for gene transfer and reveal that, although the outlines of the core eukaryotic metabolism are conserved among lineages, the genes making up those pathways can have very different origins in different eukaryotes. Thus, from the perspective of the effects of lateral gene transfer on individual gene ancestries in different lineages, eukaryotic metabolism appears to be chimeric.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Alsmark et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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