Toward an operative diagnosis of fussy/picky eating: a latent profile approach in a population-based cohort

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Oscar H Franco³  Henning Tiemeier¹  Albert Hofman³  Vincent WV Jaddoe²  Jan van der Ende¹  Henriette A Moll²  Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong³  Pauline W Jansen¹  Anne Tharner³ 

[1] Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

关键词: Child and family characteristics;    BMI;    Dietary intake;    Population-based cohort study;    Latent profile analysis;    Children;    Fussy eating;   

Others  :  805459
DOI  :  10.1186/1479-5868-11-14

 received in 2013-08-27, accepted in 2014-01-30,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Definitions and assessment methods of fussy/picky eating are heterogeneous and remain unclear.

We aimed to identify an eating behavior profile reflecting fussy/picky eating in children and to describe characteristics of fussy eaters.

Methods

Eating behavior was assessed with the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) in 4914 4-year olds in a population-based birth cohort study. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify eating behavior profiles based on CEBQ subscales.

Results and discussion

We found a “fussy” eating behavior profile (5.6% of children) characterized by high food fussiness, slowness in eating, and satiety responsiveness in combination with low enjoyment of food and food responsiveness. Fussy eaters were more often from families with low household income than non-fussy eaters (42% vs. 31.8% respectively; Χ²(1) = 9.97, p < .01). When they were 14 months old, fussy eaters had a lower intake of vegetables (t [3008] = 2.42, p < .05) and fish (t [169.77] = 2.40, p < .05) but higher intake of savory snacks (t [153.69] = -2.03, p < .05) and sweets (t [3008] = -2.30, p < .05) compared to non-fussy eaters. Also, fussy eaters were more likely to be underweight at 4 years of age (19.3%) than non-fussy eaters (12.3%; Χ²(1) = 7.71, p < .01).

Conclusions

A distinct fussy eating behavior profile was identified by LPA, which was related to family and child characteristics, food intake, and BMI. This behavior profile might be used in future research and the development of interventions.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Tharner et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Jansen PW, Roza SJ, Jaddoe VW, et al.: Children’s eating behavior, feeding practices of parents and weight problems in early childhood: results from the population-based Generation R Study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012, 9:130. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-9-130 BioMed Central Full Text
• [2]Galloway AT, Lee Y, Birch LL: Predictors and consequences of food neophobia and pickiness in young girls. J Am Diet Assoc 2003, 103:692-698. doi:10. 1053/jada.2003.50134
• [3]Carruth BR, Ziegler PJ, Gordon A, Barr SI: Prevalence of picky eaters among infants and toddlers and their caregivers’ decisions about offering a new food. J Am Diet Assoc 2004, 104:s57-s64. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2003.10.024
• [4]Marchi M, Cohen P: Early childhood eating behaviors and adolescent eating disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990, 29:112-117. doi:10.1097/00004583-199001000-00017
• [5]Gilmore L: “You’re not leaving the table until you’re finished”: problem eating behaviors and mother-child conflict during early and middle childhood. In Proceedings Psychology Bridging the Tasman: Science, Culture & Practice. Edited by Katsikitis M. Auckland, NZ: QUT eprints; 2006.
• [6]Dovey TM, Staples PA, Gibson EL, Halford JC: Food neophobia and ‘picky/fussy’ eating in children: a review. Appetite 2008, 50:181-193. doi:10.1016/j. appet.2007.09.009
• [7]Jacobi C, Agras WS, Bryson S, Hammer LD: Behavioral validation, precursors, and concomitants of picky eating in childhood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003, 42:76-84. doi:10.1097/01.CHI.0000024900.60748.2F
• [8]Jacobi C, Schmitz G, Agras WS: Is picky eating an eating disorder? Int J Eat Disord 2008, 41:626-634. doi:10.1002/eat.20545
• [9]Northstone K, Emmett P, Nethersole F: The effect of age of introduction to lumpy solids on foods eaten and reported feeding difficulties at 6 and 15 months. J Hum Nutr Diet 2001, 14:43-54. doi:10.1046/j.1365- 277x.2001.00264.x
• [10]Dubois L, Farmer A, Girard M, Peterson K, Tatone-Tokuda F: Problem eating behaviors related to social factors and body weight in preschool children: a longitudinal study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2007, 4:9. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-9 BioMed Central Full Text
• [11]Birch LL, Fisher JO, Grimm-Thomas K, Markey CN, Sawyer R, Johnson SL: Confirmatory factor analysis of the child feeding questionnaire: a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness. Appetite 2001, 36:201-210. doi:10.1006/appe.2001.0398
• [12]Galloway AT, Fiorito L, Lee Y, Birch LL: Parental pressure, dietary patterns, and weight status among girls who are “picky eaters”. J Am Diet Assoc 2005, 105:541-548. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2005.01.029
• [13]Archer LA, Rosenbaum PL, Streiner DL: The children’s eating behavior inventory: reliability and validity results. J Pediatr Psychol 1991, 16:629-642. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/16.5.629
• [14]Wardle J, Guthrie CA, Sanderson S, Rapoport L: Development of the Children’s eating behaviour questionnaire. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2001, 42:963-970. doi:10.1017/S0021963001007727
• [15]Hendy HM, Williams KE, Riegel K, Paul C: Parent mealtime actions that mediate associations between children’s fussy-eating and their weight and diet. Appetite 2010, 54:191-195. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2009.10.006
• [16]Shim JE, Kim J, Mathai RA, Team SKR: Associations of infant feeding practices and picky eating behaviors of preschool children. J Am Diet Assoc 2011, 111:1363-1368. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2011.06.410
• [17]Micali N, Simonoff E, Elberling H, Rask CU, Olsen EM, Skovgaard AM: Eating patterns in a population-based sample of children aged 5 to 7 years: association with psychopathology and parentally perceived impairment. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2011, 32:572-580. doi:10.1097/DBP.0b013e31822bc7b7
• [18]Carruth BR, Skinner J, Houck K, Moran J, Coletta F, Ott D: The phenomenon of “picky eater”: a behavioral marker in eating patterns of toddlers. J Am Coll Nutr 1998, 17:180-186.
• [19]Jaddoe VW, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, et al.: The generation R study: design and cohort update 2012. Eur J Epidemiol 2012, 27:739-756. doi:10.1007/s10654-012-9735-1
• [20]Jaddoe VW, van Duijn CM, van der Heijden AJ, et al.: The generation R study: design and cohort update 2010. Eur J Epidemiol 2010, 25:823-841. doi:10.1007/s10654-010-9516-7
• [21]Sleddens EF, Kremers SP, Thijs C: The children’s eating behaviour questionnaire: factorial validity and association with body mass index in dutch children aged 6–7. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2008, 5:49. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-5-49 BioMed Central Full Text
• [22]Muthén LK, Muthén BO: Exploratory Factor Analysis. Mplus user’s Guide, sixth edition: Statistical Analysis with Latent Variables. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén; 1998–2012:43-55.
• [23]Muhtén LK, Muthén BO: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén; 1998–2012:55-111. [Mplus user’s Guide, sixth edition: Statistical Analysis with Latent Variables]
• [24]Swertz O, Duimelaar P, Thijssen J: Migrants in the Netherlands 2004. Statistics Netherlands: Voorburg/Heerlen, NL; 2004.
• [25]Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Burgmeijer RJ, et al.: Continuing positive secular growth change in The Netherlands 1955–1997. Pediatr Res 2000, 47:316-323. doi:10.1203/00006450-200003000-00006
• [26]Growth Analyser 3.5. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Dutch Growth Research Foundation;
• [27]Cole TJ, Flegal KM, Nicholls D, Jackson AA: Body mass index cut offs to define thinness in children and adolescents: international survey. Bmj 2007, 335:194. doi:10.1136/bmj.39238.399444.55
• [28]Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH: Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. Bmj 2000, 320:1240-1243. doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240
• [29]Arredondo EM, Elder JP, Ayala GX, Campbell N, Baquero B, Duerksen S: Is parenting style related to children’s healthy eating and physical activity in Latino families? Health Educ Res 2006, 21:862-871. doi:10.1093/her/cyl110
• [30]Farrow C, Blissett J: Breast-feeding, maternal feeding practices and mealtime negativity at one year. Appetite 2006, 46:49-56. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2005.10.005
• [31]Feunekes GI, Van Staveren WA, De Vries JH, Burema J, Hautvast JG: Relative and biomarker-based validity of a food-frequency questionnaire estimating intake of fats and cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr 1993, 58:489-496.
• [32]Kiefte-de Jong JC, de Vries JH, Escher JC, et al.: Role of dietary patterns, sedentary behaviour and overweight on the longitudinal development of childhood constipation: the generation R study. Matern Child Nutr 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00395.x
• [33]Kiefte-de Jong JC, de Vries JH, Bleeker SE, et al.: Socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants of ‘Western-like’ and ‘Health conscious’ dietary patterns in toddlers. Br J Nutr 2013, 109:137-147. doi:10.1017/S0007114512000682
• [34]Cooke L, Wardle J, Gibson EL: Relationship between parental report of food neophobia and everyday food consumption in 2-6-year-old children. Appetite 2003, 41:205-206.
• [35]Cooke L, Carnell S, Wardle J: Food neophobia and mealtime food consumption in 4–5 year old children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2006, 3:14. BioMed Central Full Text
• [36]Muhtén LK, Muthén BO: Mixture Modeling with Cross-Sectional Data. 7th edition. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén; 1998–2012:153-209. [Mplus User’s Guide: Statistical Analysis with Latent Variables]
• [37]Oliver G, Wardle J: Perceived effects of stress on food choice. Physiol Behav 1999, 66:511-515. doi:10.1016/S0031-9384(98)00322-9
• [38]Wade TD, Crosby RD, Martin NG: Use of latent profile analysis to identify eating disorder phenotypes in an adult Australian twin cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006, 63:1377-1384. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.12.1377
• [39]Dotson CD, Babich J, Steinle NI: Genetic predisposition and taste preference: impact on food intake and risk of chronic disease. Curr Nutr Rep 2012, 1:175-183.
• [40]Jung T, Wickrama KAS: An introduction to latent class growth analysis and growth mixture modeling. Soc Personal Psychol Compass 2008, 2(1):302-317. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00054.x
• [41]Corp. I. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. 20.0th edition. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp; Released 2011
• [42]Ekstein S, Laniado D, Glick B: Does picky eating affect weight-for-length measurements in young children? Clin Pediatr 2010, 49:217-220.
• [43]Kreipe RE, Palomaki A: Beyond picky eating: avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2012, 14:421-431.