Leveraging community health worker system to map a mountainous rural district in low resource setting: a low-cost approach to expand use of geographic information systems for public health

International Journal of Health Geographics

Joseph Ntaganira¹  Rachel M Murekatete⁵  Jean Claude Mugunga²  Ermyas Birru²  Laetitia Nyirazinyoye¹  Cheryl L Amoroso³  Lisa R Hirschhorn⁴  Fabien Munyaneza³ 

[1] College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;Partners In Health, Boston, MA, USA;Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Kigali, Rwanda;Ariadne Labs, Boston, MA, USA;College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda

关键词: Drinking water sources;    Resource limited settings;    Disparities;    Costing;    GIS;    Community health workers;    GPS;   

Others  :  1135987
DOI  :  10.1186/1476-072X-13-49

 received in 2014-09-30, accepted in 2014-12-01,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become an important tool in monitoring and improving health services, particularly at local levels. However, GIS data are often unavailable in rural settings and village-level mapping is resource-intensive. This study describes the use of community health workers’ (CHW) supervisors to map villages in a mountainous rural district of Northern Rwanda and subsequent use of these data to map village-level variability in safe water availability.

Methods

We developed a low literacy and skills-focused training in the local language (Kinyarwanda) to train 86 CHW Supervisors and 25 nurses in charge of community health at the health center (HC) and health post (HP) levels to collect the geographic coordinates of the villages using Global Positioning Systems (GPS). Data were validated through meetings with key stakeholders at the sub-district and district levels and joined using ArcMap 10 Geo-processing tools. Costs were calculated using program budgets and activities’ records, and compared with the estimated costs of mapping using a separate, trained GIS team. To demonstrate the usefulness of this work, we mapped drinking water sources (DWS) from data collected by CHW supervisors from the chief of the village. DWSs were categorized as safe versus unsafe using World Health Organization definitions.

Result

Following training, each CHW Supervisor spent five days collecting data on the villages in their coverage area. Over 12 months, the CHW supervisors mapped the district’s 573 villages using 12 shared GPS devices. Sector maps were produced and distributed to local officials. The cost of mapping using CHW supervisors was $29,692, about two times less than the estimated cost of mapping using a trained and dedicated GIS team ($60,112). The availability of local mapping was able to rapidly identify village-level disparities in DWS, with lower access in populations living near to lakes and wetlands (p < .001).

Conclusion

Existing national CHW system can be leveraged to inexpensively and rapidly map villages even in mountainous rural areas. These data are important to provide managers and decision makers with local-level GIS data to rapidly identify variability in health and other related services to better target and evaluate interventions.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Munyaneza et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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