Antibiotics for bronchiectasis exacerbations in children: rationale and study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Trials

Peter S Morris⁹  Ian M Mackay^1,10  Helen M Buntain³  Mark D Chatfield⁴  Catherine A Byrnes⁵  Ian B Masters³  Gabrielle B McCallum⁷  Emily J Bailey³  Paul J Torzillo¹  Theo P Sloots^1,10  Kerry-Ann F O’Grady³  Peter P van Asperen⁶  Andrew C Wilson²  Colin F Robertson⁸  Keith Grimwood^1,10  Anne B Chang³ 

[1] Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia;Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, Australia;Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;Research and Education Support Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia;Department of Paediatrics, University of Auckland and Starship Children’s Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand;Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead & Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia;Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia;Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;Department of Paediatrics, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT, Australia;Queensland Paediatric Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Royal Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

关键词: Randomised controlled trial;    Pulmonary exacerbations;    Placebo;    Bronchiectasis;    Azithromycin;    Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid;   

Others  :  1095357
DOI  :  10.1186/1745-6215-13-156

 received in 2012-04-14, accepted in 2012-08-16,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Despite bronchiectasis being increasingly recognised as an important cause of chronic respiratory morbidity in both indigenous and non-indigenous settings globally, high quality evidence to inform management is scarce. It is assumed that antibiotics are efficacious for all bronchiectasis exacerbations, but not all practitioners agree. Inadequately treated exacerbations may risk lung function deterioration. Our study tests the hypothesis that both oral azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are superior to placebo at improving resolution rates of respiratory exacerbations by day 14 in children with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis.

Methods

We are conducting a

b

ronchiectasis

e

xacerbation

st

udy (BEST), which is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial, in five centres (Brisbane, Perth, Darwin, Melbourne, Auckland). In the component of BEST presented here, 189 children fulfilling inclusion criteria are randomised (allocation-concealed) to receive amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (22.5 mg/kg twice daily) with placebo-azithromycin; azithromycin (5 mg/kg daily) with placebo-amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; or placebo-azithromycin with placebo-amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for 14 days. Clinical data and a paediatric cough-specific quality of life score are obtained at baseline, at the start and resolution of exacerbations, and at day 14. In most children, blood and deep nasal swabs are also collected at the same time points. The primary outcome is the proportion of children whose exacerbations have resolved at day 14. The main secondary outcome is the paediatric cough-specific quality of life score. Other outcomes are time to next exacerbation; requirement for hospitalisation; duration of exacerbation; and spirometry data. Descriptive viral and bacteriological data from nasal samples and blood markers will also be reported.

Discussion

Effective, evidence-based management of exacerbations in people with bronchiectasis is clinically important. Yet, there are few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the neglected area of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Indeed, no published RCTs addressing the treatment of bronchiectasis exacerbations in children exist. Our multicentre, double-blind RCT is designed to determine if azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, compared with placebo, improve symptom resolution on day 14 in children with acute respiratory exacerbations. Our planned assessment of the predictors of antibiotic response, the role of antibiotic-resistant respiratory pathogens, and whether early treatment with antibiotics affects duration and time to the next exacerbation, are also all novel.

Trial registration

Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR) number ACTRN12612000011886.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Chang et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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