Can breakfast tryptophan and vitamin B6 intake and morning exposure to sunlight promote morning-typology in young children aged 2 to 6 years?

Journal of Physiological Anthropology

Tetsuo Harada³  Hitomi Takeuchi³  Nozomi Taniwaki¹  Teruki Noji⁴  Milada Krejci²  Kai Wada⁵  Osami Akimitsu⁵  Miyo Nakade⁵ 

[1] Affiliated Kindergarten, Faculty of Education, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan;Department of Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic;Department of Nutritional Management, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokai Gakuen University, Nagoya, Japan;Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan;Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan

关键词: Breakfast;    Tryptophan and vitamin B6;    Young children aged 2 to 6 years;    Morningness-Eveningness;   

Others  :  861961
DOI  :  10.1186/1880-6805-31-11

 received in 2012-03-13, accepted in 2012-03-14,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

This study tried to examine, from epidemiological and physiologic anthropological (Japanese culture on breakfast) points of view, the integrated effects of the amount of tryptophan and vitamin B6 intake and the following exposure to sunlight on the circadian typology and sleep habits in young Japanese children aged 2 to 6 years, using the newly-evaluated calculating system of tryptophan (Tryptophan Index 2009) and vitamin B6 intake (VitaminB6 Index 2009) at breakfast. The positive and significant correlation was shown between the Morningness-Eveningness (M-E) score and the Tryptophan Index and also the Vitamin B6 Index. This positive correlation between M-E score and amount of tryptophan intake was shown only by children who were exposed to sunlight for longer than 10min after breakfast. These results might support the following hypothesis: higher tryptophan and vitamin B6 intake at breakfast could promote the synthesis of serotonin via light stimulation in the morning in children.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Nakade et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Harada T: Current evening typed life and mental health of Japanese children. J Child Health 2004, 63:202-209.
• [2]Moore P, Landolt HP, Seifrizt E, Clark C, Bhatti T, Kelsoe J, Rapaport M, Gillin C: Clinical and physiological consequences of rapid tryptophan depletion. Neuropsychopharmacol 2000, 23:601-622.
• [3]Zheng X, Beaulieu JM, Sotnikova TD, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG: Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 controls brain serotonin synthesis. Science 2004, 305:217.
• [4]Hvans NM, Juul S, Bech P, Nexø E: Vitamin B6 level is associated with symptoms of depression. Psychothera Psychosoma 2004, 73:340-343.
• [5]Volker D, Jade NG: Depression: does nutrition have an adjunctive treatment role? Nutri Dietetics 2006, 63:213-226.
• [6]Harada T, Hirotani M, Maeda M, Nomura H, Takeuchi H: Correlation between breakfast tryptophan content and morningness-eveningness in Japanese infants and students aged 0-15yrs. J Physiol Anthropol 2007, 26:201-207.
• [7]Nakade M, Takeuchi H, Taniwaki N, Noji T, Harada T: An integrated effect of protein intake at breakfast and morning exposure to sunlight on the circadian typology in Japanese infants aged 2-6years. J Physiol Anthropol 2009, 28:239-245.
• [8]Rosenthal N, Schwartz P, Tumer E, Nalm S, Matthews J, Hardin T, Barnett R, Wehr T: The psychobiology of SAD and the mechanism of action of light therapy. Biol Psychiatry 1997, 42:57S.
• [9]Harada T: Diurnal rhythms and sleep habits of infants, children and elder students aged 2-25yrs -- focusing on life environmental factors which include ones related to 24hrs commercialization society. Chronobiol 2008, 14:36-43.
• [10]Deshmukh-Taskar PR, Nicklas TA, O’Neil CE, Keast DR, Radcliffe JD, Cho S: The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumption with nutrient intake and weight status in children and adolescents: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006. J Am Diet Assoc 2010, 110:869-878.
• [11]Morgan KJ, Zabik ME, Stampley GL: Breakfast consumption patterns of U.S. children and adolescents. Nutr Res 1986, 6:635-646.
• [12]Nicklas TA, Reger C, Myers L, O’Neil C: Breakfast consumption with and without vitamin-mineral supplement use favorably impacts daily nutrient intake of nine-grade students. J Adolesc Health 2000, 27:314-321.
• [13]Unusan N, Sanlier N, Danisik H: Comparison of attitudes towards breakfast by Turkish fourth graders living in Turkey and Germany. Appetite 2006, 46:248-253.
• [14]Torsvall L, Åkerstedt T: A diurnal type scale: construction, consistency and validation in shift work. Scand J Work Environ Health 1980, 6:283-290.
• [15]Gomyo N: Hasegawa K:Tables on the components of amino acids and fatty acids which are responsible for the value of protein and oil andfat. Kagawa Nutrition University Publishing Division, Tokyo; 1993.
• [16]The state of national health care and nutrition: 2005 National Health/Nutrition Survey Results. First edition. Health and Nutrition Information and Research Group, Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Tokyo; 2008.
• [17]The Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top - Food Guide. First edition. Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare/Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo; 2005.
• [18]Portaluppi F, Smolensky MH, Touitou Y: Effects and methods for biological rhythm research on animals and human beings. Chronobiol Inter 2010, 27:1911-1929.
• [19]Harada T, Matsumura A, Takeuchi H: Effects of the usage of a blacked-out curtain on the sleep-wake rhythm of Japanese University students. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2003, 1:179-181.
• [20]Harada T: Effects of evening light conditions on salivary melatonin of Japanese junior high school students. J Circadian Rhythms 2004, 2:1-5. BioMed Central Full Text
• [21]Waldhauser F, Kovacs J, Reiter E: Age-related changesin melatonin levels in humans and its potential consequences for sleep disorders. Exp Gerontology 1988, 33:759-772.