Removal of cadmium (II) from simulated wastewater by ion flotation technique

Journal of Environmental Health Science Engineering

Mohammad Hossein Fallahzadah²  Mohammad Taghi Ghaneian²  Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush²  Mojtaba Davoodi¹  Mohammad Hossein Salmani² 

[1] Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

关键词: Simulated wastewater;    Ion flotation;    Removal;    Cadmium;   

Others  :  821004
DOI  :  10.1186/1735-2746-10-16

 received in 2013-01-06, accepted in 2013-01-23,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

A separation technique which has recently received a sharp increase in research activities is “ion flotation”. This technique has four important advantages for treating wastewaters: low energy consumption, small space requirements, small volume of sludge and acting selectively. The present study aims to optimize parameters of ion flotation for cadmium removal in simulated wastewater at laboratory scale. It was obtained on the reaction between Cd²⁺ and sodium dodecylesulfate (SDS) collector followed by flotation with ethanol as frother. Test solution was prepared by combining the required amount of cadmium ion, SDS and necessary frother or sodium sulfate solution. All experiments were carried out in a flotation column at laboratory temperature (27°C), adjusted pH = 4 and 120 minutes. The different parameters (namely: flow rate, cadmium, SDS and frother concentrations and ionic strength) influencing the flotation process were examined. The best removal efficiency obtained at a collector-metal ratio of 3:1 in 60 min with flow rate of 150 mL/min was 84%. The maximum cadmium removal was 92.1% where ethanol was introduced at a concentration 0.4% to flotation column with above conditions. The obtained results were promising, as both cadmium and collector were effectively removed from wastewater. Hence, the application of ion flotation for metal ions removal from effluents seems to be efficient.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Salmani et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Jarup L: Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Br Med Bull 2003, 68:167-182.
• [2]Flowler BA: Monitoring of human populations for early markets of cadmium toxicity: a review Toxicol. Appl pharmacol 2009, 238(3):294-300.
• [3]Thompson J, Bannigan J: Cadmium: toxic effects on the reproductive system and the embryo. Reprot Toxicol 2008, 25(3):304-315. http://www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc/journal/pdf/2003/77-86.pdf webcite
• [4]Lewinsky AA: Hazardous materials and wastewater: treatment, removal and analysis. Nova Science Pub Inc 2006, 182-276.
• [5]Jarup L, Akesson A: Current status of cadmium as an environmental health problem. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol J 2009, 238(3):201-208.
• [6]Blocher C, Dorda J, Marrov V, Chemiel H, Lazaridis NK, Matis KA: Hybrid flotation—membrane filtration process for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. Water Res 2003, 37:4108-4026.
• [7]Izanloo H, Nasseri S: Cadmium removal from aqueous solution by Ground pine core. Iranian J Eng Health Sci Eng 2005, 2(1):33-42.
• [8]Zouboutis AI, Matis KA: Removal of metal ions from dilute solution by sorptive flotation. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 1997, 27:195-235.
• [9]Wang LK, Hung YT, Shammas NK: Advanced physicochemical treatment processes. Humana Press; 2006:89.
• [10]Lazaridis NK, Peleka EN, Karapantsios TD, Matis KA: Copper removal from effluents by various separation techniques. Hydrometallurgy 2004, 74:149-156.
• [11]Liu Z, Doyle PM: Modeling metal ion removal in alkyl sulfate ion flotation systems. Miner Metall Process 2001, 18(3):167-171.
• [12]Rubio J, Souza ML, Smit RW: Overview of flotation as a wastewater treatment technique. Minerals Eng 2002, 15:139-155.
• [13]Yuan XZ, Meng YT, Zeng GM, Fang YY, Shi JG: Evaluation of tea-derived biosurfactant on removing heavy metal ions from dilute wastewater by ion flotation. Colloid Surface Physicochem Eng Aspect 2008, 317:256-261.
• [14]Ghazy SE, El-Morsy SM, Ragab AH: Ion flotation of copper (II) and lead (II) from environmental water samples. J Appl Sci Environ Manage 2008, 12(3):75-82.
• [15]Rotrery E: Operation Manual spectra AA. Australia: pub. junarry; 1999.
• [16]Eaton AD, Clesceri LS, Rice EW, Greenberg AE: Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater . 21st edition. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association; 2005.
• [17]Asano T: Wastewater reclamination and reuse. Technomic publishing company Inc; 1998:10.
• [18]Sreenivasarao K: Removals of toxic metals from dilute synthetic solutions by ion and precipitate flotation. University of California, Berkeley: Submitted for degree of Ph.D; 1996.
• [19]Scorzelli IB, Fragomeni AL, Torem ML: Removal of cadmium from a liquid effluent by ion flotation. Minerals Eng. 1999, 12:905-917.
• [20]Metcahf E: Wastewater engineering: treatment and reuse. McGraw-Hill; 2003:509-524.
• [21]Doyle FM: Ion flotation-it’s potential for hydrometallurgical operations. Int J Miner Process 2004, 72:387-400.
• [22]Duyvesteyn S: Removal of trace metals ions from dilute solutions by ion flotation: cadmium dodecylsulfate and copper dodecylsulfate system. University Of California at Berkeley (1993), USA: Submitted for degree of Master of Science; 1993.
• [23]Doyle FM, Liu Z: The effect of triethylenetetraamine (Trien) on the ion flotation of Cu2+ and Ni2+. J Colloid Interface Sci 2003, 258:396-403.
• [24]Lu S, Pugh RJ: Forssberg, E. Interfacial separation of particles: Elsevier Science; 2005:630.
• [25]Ulewicz M, Walkowiak W: Separation of zinc and cadmium ions from sulfate solutions by ion flotation and transport through liquid membranes. physicochemical problems of mineral processing 2003, 37:77-86.