Mental health in hypertension: assessing symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress on anti-hypertensive medication adherence

International Journal of Mental Health Systems

Samuel A Danquah¹  Frances T Owusu-Daaku³  Irene A Kretchy² 

[1] Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana;Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Ghana School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Legon, Ghana;Department of Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

关键词: Ghana;    Spirituality;    Medication non-adherence;    Negative emotions;    Hypertension;   

Others  :  800829
DOI  :  10.1186/1752-4458-8-25

 received in 2014-05-06, accepted in 2014-06-19,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Patients with chronic conditions like hypertension may experience many negative emotions which increase their risk for the development of mental health disorders particularly anxiety and depression. For Ghanaian patients with hypertension, the interaction between hypertension and symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress remains largely unexplored. To fill this knowledge gap, the study sought to ascertain the prevalence and role of these negative emotions on anti-hypertensive medication adherence while taking into account patients’ belief systems.

Methods

The hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 400 hypertensive patients was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Ghana. Data were gathered on patient’s socio-demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression and stress symptoms, spiritual beliefs, and medication adherence.

Results

Hypertensive patients experienced symptoms of anxiety (56%), stress (20%) and depression (4%). As a coping mechanism, a significant relation was observed between spiritual beliefs and anxiety (x² = 13.352, p = 0.010), depression (x² = 6.205, p = 0.045) and stress (x² = 14.833, p = 0.001). Stress among patients increased their likelihood of medication non-adherence [odds ratio (OR) = 2.42 (95% CI 1.06 – 5.5), p = 0.035].

Conclusion

The study has demonstrated the need for clinicians to pay attention to negative emotions and their role in medication non-adherence. The recommendation is that attention should be directed toward the use of spirituality as a possible mechanism by which negative emotions could be managed among hypertensive patients.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Kretchy et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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