Update on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in Southern France

BMC Veterinary Research

Patrick Mavingui²  Luc Chabanne¹  Gilles Bourdoiseau⁴  Jeanne Chêne⁴  Claire Valiente Moro³  Magalie René-Martellet¹ 

[1] INRA, UR 0346 Epidémiologie Animale, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, 63122, France;Université de La Réunion, Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT), INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint-Denis, Ste Clotilde, 97490, La Réunion, France;Université de Lyon, Ecologie microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, USC INRA 1364, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France;Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Jeune équipe Hémopathogènes vectorisés, Marcy l’Etoile, France

关键词: Epidemiology;    Molecular characterization;    Babesia canis;    Babesia vogeli;    Dermacentor reticulatus;    Rhipicephalus sanguineus;    Canine babesiosis;   

Others  :  1224290
DOI  :  10.1186/s12917-015-0525-3

 received in 2015-03-19, accepted in 2015-08-03,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Canine babesiosis is an emerging or re-emerging disease caused by Babesia and Theileria protozoans, also called piroplasms, transmitted by Ixodid ticks. In Europe, four etiological agents have been identified to date, namely Babesia canis, B. vogeli, B. gibsoni and Theileria annae. France has a high prevalence of canine babesiosis and two tick species, Dermacentor reticulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus, are supposed to transmit B. canis and B. vogeli respectively. In southern France, where dog infections with B. vogeli were recently confirmed, no comprehensive study was performed to date on piroplasm species infecting dogs. Thus, a large scale survey involving veterinary clinics, kennels and tick collection from the environment was conducted from 2010 to 2012 in this area.

Results

From 2010 to 2012, 140 dog blood samples and 667 ticks were collected. All blood and a subset of ticks were screened for the presence of piroplasms by PCR amplification of 18S rDNA. B. vogeli, B. canis and T. annae were detected in 13.6, 12.9 and 0.7 % dogs respectively. B. vogeli and B. canis were detected in 10.5 % and in 1.6 % R. sanguineus ticks including 1.3 % co-infections. B. canis was the only species detected in D. reticulatus ticks (9.7 %). B. canis infections were only recorded in the southwest of France whereas B. vogeli was mainly found in the southeast. Finally, a significantly higher prevalence of B. vogeli infection was found in Gard compared to Corsica and Drôme regions, both in dogs (p < 0.002) and R. sanguineus ticks (p < 0.02) although R. sanguineus was the main ticks species removed from dogs in those three areas.

Conclusions

The survey confirmed the circulation of both B. canis and B. vogeli in dogs in southern France with differences in distribution probably linked to the distribution of their respective vectors. It also showed differences in prevalence of B. vogeli infection in areas similar in terms of risk of dogs infestation with R. sanguineus. Further studies focusing on genetic and microbiota of R. sanguineus ticks should be conducted to explore other biological interactions that may explain the differences observed.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 René-Martellet et al.

【 图 表 】

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