Differences in circadian time structure of diastolic blood pressure between diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Ottavio Giampietro¹  Luca Della Bartola¹  Elena Matteucci¹ 

[1] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, Pisa, 56126, Italy

关键词: Circadian rhythm;    Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring;    Essential hypertension;    Type 2 diabetes;    Type 1 diabetes;   

Others  :  814814
DOI  :  10.1186/1758-5996-4-51

 received in 2012-10-17, accepted in 2012-11-23,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Abnormal circadian blood pressure patterns have been associated with cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. We have described that the acrophase of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) registered in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients was significantly earlier than normal and DBP ecphasia was more pronounced in patients with lower heart rate variability during deep breathing. The aim of this study was to compare the circadian rhythm characteristics of BP among different groups: normotensive (NT) control subjects, patients affected by T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and patients with essential hypertension (HT).

Findings

We retrospectively evaluated ambulatory blood pressure monitoring records in 30 NT, 20 T1D, 20 T2D, 20 HT whose fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c were contemporaneously measured. The four groups were well-matched regarding age, gender, and BMI.

Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP midline-estimating statistic of rhythm were higher in T1D, T2D, and HT groups. DBP ecphasia was present only in the diabetic individuals: the acrophase of DBP occurred four hours earlier than normal in T1D group, whereas two hours earlier in T2D group. In a multiple regression analysis, only HbA1c and SBP acrophase were statistically significant correlates of DBP acrophase.

Conclusions

People with diabetes mellitus, both type 1 and type 2, have their circadian acrophase of DBP occurring 2–4 hours earlier than normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Altered circadian timing of DBP, potential trigger of cardiovascular events, seems to be a distinguishing feature of diabetes mellitus and correlates with the previous 2–3 months of glycaemic control.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Matteucci et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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